08 AP Chapter 13 Outline

Advanced Placement United States History

Chapter 13 Bailey/Cohen/Kennedy The American Pageant

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•Federalist Party Dead

•Democratic-Republicans •1824 – 25% of Voters •1840 – 78% of Voters

•Whig Party •Democratic Party 2

Election of 1824 Democratic-Republicans:

John Quincy Adams

Henry Clay 3

Election of 1824 Democratic-Republicans:

William H. Crawford

Andrew Jackson

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Election of 1824

Adams Adams Jackson Clay Crawford Others

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Election of 1824 Corrupt Bargain of 1825

John Quincy Adams

Henry Clay 6

Election of 1824 Corrupt Bargain of 1825

•Crawford Dying from a Stroke •Secret Meeting Between Adams & Clay •Clay Becomes Secretary of State 7

Election of 1824 Henry Clay’s American System: •Strong National Bank •Protectionist Tariff •Federal Government Promotes Internal Improvements 8

Henry Clay’s American System: Connected by National Roads and Canals – the West Provides Food for East and South & Raw Materials to Factories of the North ++++++++++ South Provides Cotton to Factories of the North ++++++++++ North Provides Manufactured Goods Need by West and South 9

Adams Administration •Refused to Use the Spoils System •Strong Nationalist •Recommended Nat’l University, Nat’l Observatory, Fed. Funding of Internal improvements

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Election of 1828

•Two National Parties – Whigs & Democrats •Andrew Jackson – Democrats •Martin Van Buren - Whigs

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Adams Administration •Nation Moves Away from Nationalism to Sectionalism •Southerners Fear Powerful National Government •Westerners Hate Adams Land Policies

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Election of 1828

Jackson Andrew Jackson (Jacksonian Democrats) John Q. Adams (National Republicans) 13

Jackson Administration

•Spoils System •“Rotation in Office” •Samuel Swartwout

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Jackson Administration •Tariff of Abominations •Tariff of 1828

•South Carolina Exposition •John C. Calhoun

•South Carolina Nullification Convention 15

Jackson Administration •Gov. Robert Y. Hayne •Henry Clay

•Tariff of 1832 •Force Bill

Henry Clay

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Jackson Administration •Indian Removal - Trail of Tears •Five Civilized Tribes

•Black Hawk War - Seminole War

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Indian Removal - Trail of Tears

Five Civilized Tribes Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole

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The Bank War

Paper Currency Wildcat Banks

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The Bank War Nicholas Biddle President of the Bank of the U.S.

Daniel Webster U.S. Senator Whig Leader Bank Supporter

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The Bank War Henry Clay U.S. Senator Whig Leader Bank Supporter

1832 – Bank Charter Renewal Jackson Veto

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Election of 1832 1st Election with 3rd Party Anti-Masonic Party

1st Election with Nat’l Nominating Conventions All Three Parties

1st Election with Party Platforms

Anti-Masonic and Nat’l Republicans 22

Election of 1832 Henry Clay –

National Republicans

Andrew Jackson -

Clay

Democrats

Jackson

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Election of 1832 Andrew Jackson Democrats

Anti-Bank Stand

Wins Support in the West, South, Middle States, and in New England

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Election of 1832 Henry Clay National Republicans

Pro-Bank Stand

Heavy Support from the Bank of the U.S. and Newspaper Editors Bribed by Nicholas 25 Biddle

Election of 1832

Jackson Andrew Jackson (Jacksonian Democrats) Henry Clay (National Republicans) Anti-Masonic Others

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Jackson Destroys Bank of the U.S.

Jackson Withdraws Federal Funds from Bank of the United States

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Bank is Destroyed Jackson Withdraws Federal Funds from Bank of the United States

•Pet Banks •Wildcat Banks

•Specie Circular

•Panic of 1837

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Election of 1836 Whigs Adopt Favorite Son Strategy Martin Van Buren –

Democrats

William H. Harrison -

Whigs

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Election of 1836

Van Buren Van Buren (Democratic) Harrison (Whig) White (Whig) Webster (Whig) Mangum (Independent)

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Van Buren Administration Problems:

•Canadian Border •Texas Annexation

•Anti-Slavery Controversy •Panic of 1837 31

Panic of 1837 Causes: *Land Speculation *Specie Circular *Failed European Banks 100s of Wildcat Banks Fail Independent Treasury Bill of 1840 – Divorce Bill 32

Texas Revolution Stephen F. Austin

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

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Texas Revolution Battle of the Alamo

Sam Houston

Battle of San Jacinto

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Election of 1840 Martin Van Buren –

Democrats

William H. Harrison –

Whigs

“The Farmer from North Bend”

“Tippecanoe and Tyler , Too!”

Van Buren

Harrison

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Election of 1840

Harrison William H. Harrison (Whig) Martin Van Buren (Democratic)

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Two Party System Democrats: •States Rights supporters •Strict Construction of Constitution

•People the Only Sovereign Power •Exalted the Individual 37

Two Party System Whigs: •Favored Powerful Nat’l Government – Social Harmony •Support National Bank & High Protectionist Tariffs

•Internal Improvements, Public Schools •Reforms – Prohibition, Abolition 38

Two Party System Both Democrats & Whigs: •Depended upon Masses for Support – Common Man •Drew Support from all Sections of Nation – North, South, West •Promoted Idea of the Union or National Unity 39

Cited: Andrew Jackson http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/spe ccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www. mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/speccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson.html&h =400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n9YXjDWNR_EJ:&tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&pre v=/images%3Fq%3DAndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF8%26sa%3DN William H. Crawford http://www.ustreas.gov/offices/management/curator/collection/secretary/images/craw ford.jpg Henry Clay http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/catalogues /people/clay.jpeg&imgrefurl=http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/catalogues/peop_clay. html&h=600&w=496&sz=26&tbnid=SGeA7Ij7EwEJ:&tbnh=131&tbnw=109&start= 4&prev=/images%3Fq%3DHenry%2BClay%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF8%26sa%3DG John Q. Adams http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pnp/cph/3c10000/3c17000/3c17100/3c17119r.jpg Election of 1828 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail128.html Election of 1824 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail125.html

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Cited: Andrew Jackson 3 http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/speccol/sc1500/s c1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/ speccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson.html&h=400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n9YXjDWN R_EJ:&tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den %26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DN Van Buren http://www.americanpresident.org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/VanBurenPo rtrait.image.jpg John Q. Adams 3 - http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pnp/cph/3c10000/3c17000/3c17100/3c17119r.jpg William Henry Harrison 2 http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/pictures/images/harrison.jpg Andrew Jackson 2 - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00018.jpg Sequoyah 1- www.nativeamericans.com/ FiveCivilizedTribes.htm Nicolas Biddle - www.jersey.syd-fyn.dk/ Alderney-Breeders-usa.htm Daniel Webster - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/38_00564.gif William Henry Harrison http://www.americanpresident.org/history/williamhharrison/biography/resources/images/WHHPortr ait.image.jpg "The Trail of Tears" by Robert Lindneu http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/t029/T029042A.jpg Election of 1840 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/00000092.htm Election of 1832 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/0000008a.htm Election of 1836 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/0000008f.htm

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Cited: Bank of the U.S. - lincoln.lib.niu.edu/ 498R/doc1/Cartoons.html Trail of Tears - www.pbs.org/wgbh/ aia/part4/4narr4.html Trail of Tears 2 - www.learner.org/ biographyofamerica/prog08/maps John C. Calhoun - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00009.jpg Andrew Jackson 1 http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic /xlarge/32_00018.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.blahedo.org/blog/archives/2003_07.html&h=739&w= 610&sz=303&tbnid=_eV7sXBkLaMJ:&tbnh=138&tbnw=114&start=3&prev=/images%3Fq%3DA ndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DN Andrew Jackson 2 - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00018.jpg Andrew Jackson 3 http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/speccol/sc1500/s c1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/ speccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson.html&h=400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n9YXjDWN R_EJ:&tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den %26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DN Van Buren http://www.americanpresident.org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/VanBurenPo rtrait.image.jpg Henry Clay 3 - http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/images/2003/HenryClay.jpg

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Cited: Daniel Webster - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Danielwebster2.jpe Martin Van Buren http://www.americanpresident.org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/VanBurenPo rtrait.image.jpg William Henry Harrison http://www.americanpresident.org/history/williamhharrison/biography/resources/images/WHHPortr ait.image.jpg

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