3-22 parasite control

January 15, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Science, Biology, Zoology, Entomology
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Multiple Tools for IP Control Dan Morrical Iowa State University 515-294-0847 [email protected]

Old way Drugs, drugs, drugs Newer, stronger, bigger doses No longer sustainable No new drugs

Tools available Knowledge Genetics Selective treatment Parasite resistance Rotational grazing Parasite resistance Land resource

Knowledge High risk animals High risk times Dry lot versus pasture Stock density

Knowledge Larvae levels

Typical parasitic lifestyle Eggs: Development from egg to infective (L3) larvae can occur as early as 6 days Molt into L1’s in the egg then hatch Nematodirus develop into L3’s in the egg, then hatch Most ova do not survive very cold ambient temperatures

Typical parasitic lifestyle L3’s - infective stage Thick cuticle protects them from drying Cannot feed - finite life span Warm temperatures increase their metabolic rate.

Can survive some freezing

Haemonchus Adults live in abomasum ingest 0.05ml blood/worm/day 5000 worms will remove 250 ml of blood.

Adults are very prolific egg layers Haemonchus L3’s are not as cold hardy as others Most L3’s live for 1-3 months

Genetics Katahdin and NSIP Dorpers ?, Boer goats ? Genetic resistance vs production

Selective treatment FAMACHA treat pale eyes Labor Faith

Resistance Our parasites truly resistant Fecal egg reduction test Drenchrite Refusia

Grazing management Better forage production Better health status Enough nutrients to feed sheep and parasites.

Land Resource Pasture A

Pasture B

Hayed in 07

grazed in 07

Grazed in 08

hayed in 08

Land Resource, option b Pasture A

Pasture B

Cattle in 07

Sheep in 07

Sheep in 08

Cattle in 08

Land Resource, option b Pasture A

Pasture B

Pasture C

Cattle in 07

Sheep in 07

Hayed 07

Hayed in 08

Cattle in 08

Sheep 08

Sheep in 09

Hayed in 09

Cattle 09

Safe pastures No sheep or goats from either July 1 to December 31 or January 1 to June 30

Alternative approaches   

 

Cat thyme Sericea Lespedeza Copper wire bolus Fungus DE

Research Design Ewes: 0, .5, 1 and 2 g Lambs: 0, .5, .75, 1.0 g

Results FEC Ewes: Day 7 FEC increased in ewes to >2000 epg for 0 and .5 gram dose FEC decreased in ewes to 1500epg on day 35

Results PCV Ewes: from day 0 to day 21 all groups went down slightly 4 ewes had to be treated with PCV below 18 None were in the 2 gram group

Results AST Lambs: no indication of copper problems Ewes: no indication of copper problems Base diet is pasture and TM salt

Applications Extreme care 2 gram dose is like feeding 25 PPM copper for 50 days Documented resistance

Use serum AST with 2 g COWP in 5 ewes or less as first step

Summary  Drugs

(anthelminics) are not the solution  Develop whole farm strategy  Be creative  Work with your Veterinarian

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