9.3 The United States and East Asia

9.3 THE UNITED STATES AND EAST ASIA

OBJECTIVES • Examine the causes and consequences of the Philippine insurrection • Analyze the effects of the Open Door Policy • Describe how the United States dealt with the rising power of Japan

THE IMPERIAL MENU A PLEASED UNCLE SAM GETS READY TO PLACE HIS ORDER WITH HEADWAITER WILLIAM MCKINLEY. SWALLOWING SOME OF THESE POSSESSIONS EVENTUALLY PRODUCED POLITICAL INDIGESTION.

UNITED STATES EXPANSION, 1857–1917

FILIPINOS REBEL AGAINST U.S. RULE • Emilio Aguinaldo organized an insurrection against U.S. rule • Guerrilla warfare • U.S. used concentration camps, mass killings • Aguinaldo killed, more died than SpanishAmerican War • William H. Taft became governor of the Philippines • Censored press, dissidents in jail • Built schools, roads and bridges • Jones Act-Philippines would gain independence

DEWEY’S ROUTE IN THE PHILIPPINES, 1898

EMILIO AGUINALDO (CA. 1869–1964) AND FOLLOWERS, 1900 AGUINALDO HAD A COLORFULLY CHECKERED CAREER. EXILED FROM THE PHILIPPINES BY THE SPANISH IN 1897, HE WAS BROUGHT BACK IN 1898 TO ASSIST THE AMERICAN INVASION. A YEAR LATER HE LED THE FILIPINO INSURRECTION AGAINST THE NEW AMERICAN RULERS. CAPTURED IN 1901, HE DECLARED HIS LOYALTY TO THE UNITED STATES. DURING WORLD WAR II, HE COLLABORATED WITH THE JAPANESE WHEN THEY OCCUPIED THE PHILIPPINES…

U.S. PURSUES INTEREST IN CHINA • Spheres of Influence • Britain, France, Germany, and Russia: privileges to zones of markets and ports • Japan later included • Sec. of State, John Hay sent notes to diplomats declaring equal trade in China

JINGOISM

BOXER REBELLION • Righteous and Harmonious Fists, nickname: Boxers • Secret society, celebrated traditional Chinese customs. • Rebellion against the “foreign devils” • May 1900, killed foreign missionaries, multinational force called in • Chinese forced to pay damages=fuel for nationalists • Open Door Policy

BOXER REBELLION

TENSIONS RISE BETWEEN AMERICA AND JAPAN • Russia had troops in Manchuria, Japan attacked • Russo-Japanese War • Roosevelt stepped in, peace treaty was signed • Anti-Asian Prejudice • School in CA banned Asian students • Roosevelt=“Gentlemen’s Agreement” • Great White Fleet

THE GREAT WHITE FLEET