Ch 3_4 The French and Indian War

Ch 3.4 The French and Indian War MAIN IDEA British victory over the French in North America enlarged the British empire but leads to new conflicts with the colonies.

WHY IT MATTERS NOW British influence spread over North America, however French populations and place names still exist here.

Britain and France Compete • Both want to create a world-wide empire. • Both want the Ohio River Valley.

France’s North American Empire • Claim St. Lawrence River and Mississippi Valley • By 1754, New France has small population. -mostly fur traders and missionary priests. -good relations with Native Amer. - Military alliances

The War Begins • French build Fort Duquesne in Ohio Valley. -Land claimed by Virginia. • 1754, George Washington is sent to evict French. -He’s defeated. • War begins- forth war between the empires.

Early French Victories

• Gen. Edward Braddock’s army ambushed near Duquesne. • 1755-1756, British lose repeated battles to French, native allies.

William Pitt and the Iroquois • Both help the British. • Capture in the Battle of Quebec in 1759, ends the war. • Treaty of Paris (1763) ends war. -split land between Spain and British.

Victory Brings New Problems • Pontiac fears loss of land; captures British forts. • British use smallpox as weapon. • Proclamation of 1763 -colonist can’t settle west of Appalachians.

British Policies Anger Colonists • Proclamation Line of 1763. • Smuggling crackdown in Massachusetts. • Writ of assistance allow searches of ships, businesses, and homes.

Problems Resulting from the War • Prime Minister George Grenville sets policies to pay war debt. • Enacts a series of “Acts” and “Duties”. -TAXES!!!!