Ch.9 Guided Reading Answersx

Ch. 9 Guided Reading Answers

muckrakers

Ida Tarbell – History of the Standard Oil Company Upton Sinclair – The Jungle

WCTU

Eugene V. Debs

Prohibition

Socialist Party of America

Carrie Nation

Creating Economic Reform

Promoting Moral Improvement

Scientific management

Progressive Reforms

Frederick W. Taylor

Promoting Social Welfare

Creating Political Reform

Florence Kelley

Reformers Mayors Hazen Pingree-Detroit Tom Johnson - Cleveland

Governors Robert M. LaFollette - Wisconsin Hiram Johnson – California James Hogg- Texas

Illinois Factory Act 1893

YMCA, Salvation Army, It established a variety of public institutions settlement houses, Florence such as parks, settlement house, passage of the Illinois Factory Act. Kelley. Women’s Christian Temperance involved the adoption of prohibition Union, Frances Willard, and the by many towns and state Anti-Saloon League. governments. Eugene V. Debs, the American public exposure of corruption. Socialist Movement and muckrakers such as Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair.

Frederick W. Taylor, Henry Ford, and Ford Motor. National Child Labor Committee; Louis Brandies; Florence Kelley; Josephine Goldman

Mayors Hazen Pingree, Tom Johnson

: wide spread adoption of the theory of scientific management, the Ford assembly line, and the “Five Dollar Day”. Keating-Owen Act; state child labor laws; Muller v. Oregon; Bunting v. Oregon; workers compensation law

Adoption of the commission system and city-manager forms of government and property tax reforms.

Wisconsin laws that managed to Robert M La Follette, Charles B. Aycock, James regulate the railroads Hogg

Williams S. U’Ren

Widespread adoption of the secret ballot, initiative, referendum, recall, and direct primary and passage of the 17th Amendment.

Agricultural; domestic; manufacturing

White collar jobs

Agricultural; domestic; Agricultural; domestic; piecework; taking in boarders; manufacturing

New women’s college’s established

Marriage was no longer a woman’s only alternative; offered opportunities to pursue a profession; offered opportunities to devote oneself to volunteer work and reform movement

Tried to convince state Legislatures to grant women The right to vote

Pursued court cases to test the Fourteenth Amendment

Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Idaho granted women the right to vote; efforts failed in other states failed

The Supreme Court ruled that women were citizens, but that citizenship did not automatically confer the right to vote

Campaigned for a national constitutional amendment to grant women the right to vote

PROBLEM

What steps did Roosevelt take to solve each problem?

Which legislation helped solve the problem?

Roosevelt : Called both sides to the White House to negotiate; threatened to take over the mines

None.

Roosevelt: Filed suits under the Sherman Antitrust Act against many trusts.

Sherman Antitrust Act

Roosevelt: Urged Congress to strengthen the Interstate Commerce Act; fought for passage of the Elkins Act and Hepburn Act

Interstate Commerce Act , Elkins Act and Hepburn Act

Roosevelt: Appointed a commission to study the meatpacking industry; pushed for passage of the Meat Inspection Act.

Meat Inspection Act; Pure Food and Drug Act

Roosevelt: Promoted conservation of natural resources; set aside thousand of acres of forest reserves, waterpower sites, wildlife sanctuaries, and national parks. Named a conservative to the head of the U.S. Forest Service Roosevelt: None or appointed an African American as head of Charleston, South Carolina customhouse; refused to dismiss an African American postmistress in Mississippi; invited Booker T. Washington to dinner

Legislation: National Reclamation Act (Newlands Act)

Legislation: None

Progressives

Conservatives

Progressives: Opposed Taft because he had signed and defended the Payne-Aldrich Tariff, seemed to oppose conservation, and supported conservative boss Joseph Cannon

Conservatives: Supported Taft because they opposed progressivism, Roosevelt, and low tariffs and because they favored big business.

Progressives: Progressive or Bull Moose Party

Conservatives: Republican Party

Progressive Party

Republican Party

Theodore Roosevelt

William Howard Taft

Supported government action to supervise big business, but did not oppose all big business monopolies.

Favored big business, but worked to break up monopolies

Democratic Party

Socialist Party

Woodrow Wilson

Eugene V. Debs

Supported small business and free market competition

Felt that big business was evil and that the solution involved doing away with capitalism and distributing wealth.

What were the aims of each piece of legislation or constitutional amendment? Set up the Federal Trade Commission with the power to investigate corporations and unfair business practices. Strengthened the Sherman Anti Trust Act: Freed labor unions and farm organizations from antitrust laws; prohibited most injunctions against strikers

Substantially reduced tariff rates for the first time since the Civil War

Legalized a federal income tax

Established the Federal Reserve System, a decentralized private banking system under federal control

Increased activism of local and grass roots groups; the use of new strategies to build enthusiasm; regeneration of the national movement under Carrie Chapman Catt

19th Amendment

Opposed federal anti lynching legislation; appointed segregationists to his cabinet; failed to oppose the resegregation of federal offices.