Chapter 1 Introducing the World_s Largest Industry

Introducing the World’s Largest Industry TOURISM Principles of Hospitality & Tourism

Tourism • Business of travel • Dynamic group of industries that have

developed to serve the needs of travelers worldwide • Has a significant economic impact on almost every nation in the world • Knows no political, ideological, geographic, or cultural boundaries

Services & Tourism Industry • Services & Tourism go hand in hand • Services are growing at a faster rate than

all agricultural & manufacturing businesses combined • Leading Producers of jobs worldwide • Prospects are great because people travel for business & pleasure • Even during times of recession, travel & tourism expenditures continue to rise

What is tourism? • Definition is emerging • Tourism: the temporary movement of

people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations and the facilities created to cater to their needs.

Segments of Tourism • Air Transportation • Theme Parks • Eating & Drinking Establishments • Accommodations • Museums

Travel Industry Association of America (TIA) • Tracks & reports tourism trends in an

effort to highlight the size, scope, & impact of the industry grouping • Promotes tourism • Uses the following definition (statistics): – Activities associated with all overnight trips away from home in paid accommodations and day trips to places 50 miles or more, one way, from the traveler’s origin

Tourism Model • Look at the Elephant on pg 6 – Each body part works together – Notice how each segment is related to the others

Tourism • Tourist is the focal point (Remember

customer service?) • Individual tourists may deal with any of the dealers/suppliers, but they may rely on tourism promoters to assist them – Travel agencies, tourism boards, other marketing services – Suppliers may sell/provide independently or group them together (air, hotel, car rental)

Tourism • Gradual changes are noticed in destinations • Decrease in popularity

– Niagra Falls & Brighton

• Methods of travel also change in popularity

– Steamships, airplanes, etc.

• Political & Economic Situations can affect travel

History of Travel & Tourism • Empire Era • Middle Ages & Renaissance Era • Grand Tour Era • Mobility Era • Modern Era

History of Travel & Tourism • In the beginning it was simple – Seasons changed, animals migrated and so did people

• History provides insights into the reasons for travel • Over the years, travel has become a necessity

The Empire Era • Tourism began to develop • Egyptians to Greeks and ended with the

fall of the Roman Empire • People began traveling in large numbers for governmental, commercial, educational, & religious purposes • Travel for necessity & pleasure • Roman currency helped make travel easier

Middle Ages & Renaissance Era • Feudal system replaced Roman Rule – Fragmented transportation systems, currencies, and languages – Travel became difficult and sometimes dangerous

• Crusades (conquest & war) led to the

desire of people being able to venture away • Desire to learn from & experience other cultures

Grand Tour Era • Marked the height of luxurious travel &

tourism activities • Originated with the wealthy English and spread • Travel became a status symbol • Industrial Revolution began – People became tied down

Mobility Era • Growing economic prosperity • Travel to new & familiar locations (near & far) • Travel industry increased with new roads, stagecoaches, passenger trains, & sailing ships • 1914 Model T (Henry Ford)

Modern Era • George Westinghouse created the paid vacation

– Believed that annual breaks from work would increase productivity – Allowed working middle class were given the financial means & time to travel

• Mass tourism received a boost after World War II

– People were exposed to new & exotic locations

Modern Era • Cars were produced in large numbers • Gas was no longer rationed • Credit card was born in 1950 • Internet opened doors

Bringing Tourism into Focus

Travel Agencies