Chapter 10 Section 3

Chapter 10 Section 3 New Political Parties

Compromise of 1850 • Henry Clay’s plan for a compromise over the issue of slavery – 5 separate laws – Some favored the North – Some favored the South

List the 5 parts of the Compromise of 1850 • 1. California admitted as • 4. New Mexico and a free state Utah would decide on slavery for themselves • 2. The sale of slaves, but not slavery itself • 5. Texas would receive was made illegal in $10 million to settle its Washington, D.C. border dispute with New Mexico • 3. Fugitive Slave Act was passed

Fugitive Slave Act • This law (part of the Compromise of 1850) ordered all citizens of the U.S. to assist in the return of enslaved people who had escaped from their owners – Also denied a jury trial to escaped slaves

What roles did Senator Calhoun and Senator Webster play in passing the Compromise of 1850? • Calhoun presented the fears and worries of Southerners, explained that they did not wish to leave the Union, and outlined what the south would need to remain – Wanted government to respect their right to own “property”

• Webster supported the Compromise, fearing for the existence of the Union – Supported the Fugitive Slave Act • Angered many northerners • Made many northern merchants happy

Nativism • A movement to ensure that native born Americans received better treatment than immigrants – Arose in response to a surge in immigration between 1846 and 1854 • 3 million Europeans arrived in the U.S.

Why did some people support the Know Nothing Party? • Fears and mistrust of immigrants contributed to nativism and the formation of the KnowNothing Party

Kansas-Nebraska Act • Supported the practice of popular sovereignty in deciding the issue of slavery in Kansas and Nebraska rather than leaving the decision up to Congress – Proposed by Stephen Douglas

Popular Sovereignty • Letting the people in a territory decide whether to allow slavery there

Why did the Kansas-Nebraska Act upset many northern voters? • They felt that northern Democrats sold out to the South – Did not like the idea of leaving the possibility of slavery open

How did northern voters respond to the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act? • Many left the Democratic Party for the New Republican Party – Dedicated to stopping the power of the slaveholding south – Declared slavery to be evil – Wanted the KansasNebraska and Fugitive Slave Acts to be repealed