Chapter 21 Henretta Power Point

January 7, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Business, Economics, Macroeconomics
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Henretta • Brody • Dumenil

America’s History Sixth Edition CHAPTER 21 An Emerging World Power, 1877-1914 Copyright © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin’s and Matthew Ellington, Ruben S. Ayala High School

Chapter 21: An Emerging World Power, 1877-1914 1.

The Roots of Expansion A. B. C. D.

2.

Diplomacy in the Gilded Age The Economy in the Making The Making of a “Large” Foreign Policy The Ideology of Expansionism

An American Empire A. The Cuban Crisis B. The Spoils of War C. The Imperial Experiment

3.

Onto the World Stage A. B. C. D.

A Power Among Powers The Open Door in Asia Wilson and Mexico The Gathering Storm in Europe

Part 1: The Roots of Expansion 1A: Diplomacy in the Gilded Age • Economics overshadowed foreign policy in Gilded Age • Pan-American effort faltered with US bullying of Chile • Alaska purchase and Hawaii revolt over sugar tariffs showed growing US interest in the Pacific

Part 1: The Roots of Expansion 1B: The Economy of Expansionism • The size of the US economy (GDP) quadrupled between 1870 and 1900! • Greater exports were seen as necessary to meet growing US manufacturing output, especially in the future • The carving up of Africa & China by European powers and the Panic of 1893 spurred a new foreign policy

Part 1: The Roots of Expansion 1C: The Making of a “Large” Foreign Policy • Mahan’s Influence of Seapower Upon History argued that control of the seas was the key to imperial power • Cleveland and Harrison built new battleships for the US Navy • In 1895 US successfully applied the Monroe Doctrine to a Venezuelan border dispute with England

Part 1: The Roots of Expansion 1D: The Ideology of Expansionism • Ideological roots of expansionism: Social Darwinism, AngloSaxonism, and a “New Manifest Destiny” • Turner’s Thesis suggested a link between the “closing” of the frontier (1890) and overseas expansion

Part 2: An American Empire 2A: The Cuban Crisis • Yellow Press (Hearst, Pulitzer) publicized atrocities creating jingoism • De Lôme letter and the explosion of the USS Maine created war fever • Teller Amendment promised Cuba freedom after war

Part 2: An American Empire 2B: The Spoils of War • Spain’s navy was easily defeated by US in Philippines and Cuba • In the 4 month war, more Americans died from disease than bullets • US gained Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam from Spain and also finally annexed Hawaii

Part 2: An American Empire 2C: The Imperial Experiment • McKinley’s denial of Philippine self-rule created a bloody, 3 year insurrection led by Emilo Aguinaldo • Anti-Imperialist Leagues opposed US expansionism, but McKinley was still reelected in 1900 • Supreme Court ruled in the Insular Cases (1901) that the Constitution does not necessarily follow the flag

US Army during Ph. Insurrection

Part 3: Onto The World Stage 3A: A Power Among Powers • England and US began a “special friendship” in 1901 • US withdrew from Cuba in 1902 but kept Guantanamo Naval Base and required Cubans adopt the Platt Amendment • US built the Panama Canal after revolt against Colombia • Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine gave US the ability to “police” hemisphere against Europeans

Part 3: Onto The World Stage 3B: The Open Door in Asia • • • •

Hay’s Open Door Policy met resistance but helped keep China intact US helped imperial powers suppress Boxer Rebellion in China “Gentlemen’s Agreement” ended Japanese immigration in 1907 US Navy tour and Root-Takahira Agreement of 1908 eased relations with Japan

• Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy and support for Chinese nationalists put US on collision course with Japan

Part 3: Onto The World Stage 3C: Wilson and Mexico • Wilson rejected imperialism and supported a US foreign policy of human rights and constitutional liberty • Wilson meddled in Mexican affairs and even sent US troops but refused to protect US business interests • US pulled out in 1917 on brink of its entering WWI

Part 3: Onto The World Stage 3D: The Gathering Storm in Europe • Europe was divided into two major blocs at the eve of World War I: the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente

• Most Americans wanted to encourage world peace but avoid getting tangled in European affairs or wars

Algeciras, 1906 signing agreement by Moroccan King

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