Chapter 30

May 6, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: History, European History, Europe (1815-1915), Industrial Revolution
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Chapter 30 – The Making of Industrial Society Directions: Fill in the following information as you read chapter 30 of the textbook. It goes in order. Section 1 - Patterns of Industrialization (pp.816-825) Foundations of Industrialization Define how the following factors affected the What role did Geographic luck play in the development of the Industrial Rev. in Britain: development of the I.R. in Britain? Access to coal – America –

Why were the Calico Acts significant?

Flying shuttle (1733) –

Technological innovations (explain their significance): Steam Engine (1765) –

Mule Spinner (1779) –

Power Loom (1785) –

Why was steel preferred to iron?

Define: Bessemer Process

What was George Stephenson’s great contribution to the Industrial Revolution?

How did the steamship and railroad affect the I.R.?

The Factory System Explain why the factory system began to replace the putting-out system in the late 1700s.

What was the “division of labor” encouraged by the factory system?

Give an example

Effects of the division of labor?

Who were the Luddites?

The Early Spread of Industrialization Why/how did the I.R. eventually spread to Europe and North America?

France:

Provide details about the spread of the I.R. to the following countries: Belgium: Germany: U.S.:

Industrial Capitalism Why was Eli Whitney’s invention of interchangeable parts so important?

What contribution did Henry Ford make?

What impact did this have?

Corporation:

Define the following terms (don’t forget significance!) Monopolies: Vertical Organization:

Example:

Horizontal significance:

Example:

Section 2 – Industrial Society (pp.825-836) The Fruits of Industry What was the Crystal Palace?

Explain the I.R.’s impact on: Standard of living –

Population growth –

Fertility/mortality –

Define the demographic transition

What was the result?

Urbanization and Migration Why did Industrialization usually lead to urbanization?

Explain the environmental impact of the I.R.

Describe the living conditions for the working poor

How did governments react in many industrialized countries by the end of the 19th century?

How many Europeans migrated to the Western Hemisphere during the 19th and early 20th centuries?

Where did most come from?

Why did they come to America?

Industry and Society How did industrialization “radically alter traditional social structures?”

Define the new class system that emerged during in most industrialized countries Upper Class Middle Class Working Class

How were families altered by the I.R.?

Role of men

Role of women

Why did many families send their children to work?

How did governments eventually react to child labor?

The Socialist Challenge Who were “socialists” and what were their goals?

How did they define “equality”?

Charles Fourier (1772-1837)

Utopian Socialists Robert Owen (1771-1858)

New Lanark

Long-term success/failure of utopian socialism?

What did Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels argue?

What two classes did capitalism split people into?

Explain the argument(s) in the Communist Manifesto (1848)

What was the difference between “revolutionary” and “evolutionary” socialists?

What social reforms came about, in part, because of socialists’ critiques of capitalist society?

Section 3 – Global Effects of Industrialization (pp.836-840) NOTE: There was a printing error between pages 840 and 841. 841 is the WRONG PAGE in every book. Therefore, the chapter stops at p.840 for us. The Continuing Spread of Industrialization Who led the efforts to industrialize in both Why? Russia and Japan?

What industry did the Russian government push to develop first?

Who was Count Sergei Witte?

Effects of its development?

Significance?

What were zaibatsu?

How successful was Japanese industrialization?

Why?

The International Division of Labor What were the global ramifications of industrialization?

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