Chapter Six: The Constitution and the New Republic

Alan Brinkley, AMERICAN HISTORY 13/e Chapter Six: The Constitution and the New Republic

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

Introduction  Deficiencies of the Confederation Government

Map of the United States Immediately After Independence (Royalty-Free/CORBIS) 2

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

Framing a New Government  A Weak Central Government

– Advocates of Centralization  Supporters of a Strong National Government  Alexander Hamilton

Alexander Hamilton (on the Ten Dollar Bill) (The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. /Ken Cavanagh Photographer) 3

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

Framing a New Government – A Divided Convention  The Founding Fathers  The Virginia Plan  Small States Versus Large States

The Convention at Philadelphia (General Research Division, New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations) 4

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

Framing a New Government – Compromise  The Great Compromise

– The Constitution of 1787  James Madison  The Question of Sovereignty  Separation of Powers

The Constitution (NARA) 5

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

Framing a New Government – Federalists and Antifederalists  The Federalist Papers  The Antifederalists  Debating the Constitution

The Federalist Papers (New York Public Library) 6

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

Framing a New Government – Completing the Structure  The Bill of Rights  The Cabinet

The Bill of Rights (Comstock Images / Getty Images) 7

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

Federalists and Republicans  Competing Visions

– Hamilton and the Federalists  Assuming the Debt  Hamilton’s Report on Manufacturing

– Enacting the Federalist Program  Debating Hamilton’s Program  Location of the Capital  Bank of the United States

8

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

Federalists and Republicans – The Republican Opposition  Establishment of the Federalist Party  Formation of the Republican Party  Differences over the French Revolution

Thomas Jefferson (Library of Congress) 9

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

Establishing National Sovereignty – Securing the Frontier  Whiskey Rebellion

– Native Americans and the New Nation  Indians and the Constitution

10

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

Establishing National Sovereignty – Maintaining Neutrality  Citizen Genet

– Jay’s Treaty and Pinckney’s Treaty  Jay’s Treaty  Pinckney’s Treaty

11

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

The Downfall of the Federalists – The Election of 1796  Washington’s Farewell Address  Divided Federalists

John Adams (Library of Congress) 12

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

The Downfall of the Federalists – The Quasi War with France  The XYZ Affair  The Quasi War

Protecting American Shipping (Naval Historical Center) 13

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic 

The Downfall of the Federalists – Repression and Protest  Alien and Sedition Acts  Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

– The “Revolution” of 1800  The Election of 1800  The Judiciary Act of 1801

14

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Six:

The Constitution and the New Republic Where Historians Disagree:

The Background of the Constitution

The Constitution (NARA) 15

© 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.