Cisco certified network associate - joelhill

CISCO CERTIFIED NETWORK ASSOCIATE Welcome!

WELCOME! •

Goal – Cisco Certified Network Associate, Cisco Certified Network Professional, and beyond!

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About Me

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Overall view of classes •

Switching Basics (frames, broadcast / collision domains, arp)

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Switching advanced (stp, portfast, root bridge, vtp pruning, trunking, port-channels)

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Routing Basics (static, rip, ospf, eigrp)

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Routing advanced (route redistribution, changing metrics)

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Other awesome topics • NAT, IPv6, Binary / Hex conversion, subnet maths, summarization • PPP and Frame Relay

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First interview question

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Next…Topics to cover today

TOPICS TO COVER •

Hardware (Where (decent places), what (3550, 3560, or 2950), why (emulation?)

• Cables / cabling needs (Auto MDIX – medium dependent interface crossover) •

Boot (ROMMON, flash, ROM, RAM, NVRAM, running-config, startup-config), diagnostics

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Switching Basics • Models (TCP/IP, versus DoD) • Frames (hubs, repeaters, flooding, broadcast / collision domains) – examples • VLANing • Mac addressing (OUI vey) • Arp • CDP

• VTP •

Next…Hardware

HARDWARE •

Where (decent places)

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http://www.certificationkits.com/

What to buy (3550, 3560, or 2950) •

CCNA – 2 2950, or 3550, 2900 series (RAM!)

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CCNP – Add 2 more 3550 and two more 2900 routers •

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Why (emulation?) •

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GNS3 – Wireshark (http://www.gns3.net/download/)

Cables / cabling needs (Auto MDIX – medium dependent interface crossover) •

2960 3560 both have Auto MDIX otherwise crossover cables it is

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TSHOOT Exam Topology

http://monoprice.com

Next…Boot

BOOT •

1. Bootstrap program ROMmon runs Power On Self Test (POST)

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2. Bootstrap checks the Configuration Register in startup config file • If nothing is there it will load from Flash • No flash it will try to load from a TFTP server (assuming that you have one set up on the network / program one in, ASA)

• If no TFTP server you would have to manually enter TFTP info from ROMMON (SERVER = , SUBNET MASK=, etc.) •

3. IOS found now it is loaded into RAM (Self-decompressing the image: ####...)

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4. Config file loaded from NVRAM (dir) into RAM if none found Setup dialogue

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Next…Switching

SWITCHING BASICS •

Models (Layers, TCP/IP versus DoD, real world)

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Vlanning (Broadcast, Collision domains)

MODELS •

TCP / IP (A Pizza Sure Tastes Nice During Presentations) • Application – HTTP, everything • Presentation – Human to computer (Layer 6) • Session – Build and tear down of session (Layer 5) • Transport – TCP/UDP (Layer 4) – a.ka. segment • Network – IP Address (Layer 3) – a.k.a. packet • Data Link – MAC (Layer 2) – a.k.a. frame

• Physical (Layer 1) •

DoD • Application (5 and up) • Host-To-Host Layer (4) • Internet Layer (3) • Network Interface Layer (1 and 2)

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Next…Vlanning

VLANING •

Broadcast Domains – Stops at a Router (L3 device edge)

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Collision Domains (hubs, repeaters) – Collision, hardware needs to listen for silence • Switches eliminate this by moving the collision domain to the specific port

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Next…MAC Addresses

MAC ADDRESSES •

Mac address – unique identifier on a broadcast domain

• Entire thing 6 bytes (48 bits) • OUI (first 3 bytes – or 24 bits) • If someone says, “For ease of use I need to duplicate my mac, can I?” What do you ask them?

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Next…Address Resolution Protocol

ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL •

Arp requests – Hey who has an ip address of 192.168.0.1?

• Send a broadcast out ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff • No MAC supplied in the arp request •

Arp replies – Hey I have it!

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GNS3 example

• Loop traffic? (https://supportforums.cisco.com/message/3005684#3005684) - self looped port • do wr, copy runnning-config startup-config, wr mem •

Next…Cisco Discovery Protocol

CISCO DISCOVERY PROTOCOL •

Cisco device sends out a multi-cast to 01:00:0c:cc:cc:cc with its mac address as source

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No two way communication just multicasts

REFERENCES •

http://www.9tut.com/cisco-router-boot-sequence-tutorial

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http://www.petri.co.il/introduction-to-the-osi-model.htm