Construction elements

Structure and Conceptual Model

TMALL 0141 Presentation v 1.0

Principles for the Swedish Transport Administration information systematics

2014-11-20 Anders Ekholm

The Structure and Conceptual Model project • The Swedish Transport Administration (Trafikverket) is the Government agency responsible for the long-term planning of the transport system. Trafikverket is also in charge of the state road network and national railway network. • Trafikverket shall implement a common co-ordinated information systematic • The systematic shall be used – For describing resources, processes, results and properties of interest – Throughout the whole chain of planning, design, production and asset management of Trafikverket’s road and railway network – Both for BIM and for established applications in the processes • The work includes classification of every object of interest for defining requirements, in planning, design, production, and asset management • The work will be carried out in sector wide cooperation with leading companies. • The new systematics will replace the current BSAB 96

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The Swedish Construction and Facility Management sector

• The Swedish C/FM-sektor consists of – – – – –

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3 200 contractors, 700 architect and consultancy companies, 17 000 real estate companies, 1 000 material producers, 290 municipalities.

Ability to co-operate Ability to improvise A common language – based on classification Information technology – a tool

Building classification - applications

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From SBUF report 12690 BIM Standardization Needs

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Brukare (inkl. allmänheten)

Befintliga förhållanden

Fysisk planering, utredning

KRAVSTÄLLNING

BEHOV

Förvaltare

Projektering (programhandlingar, systemhandlingar, bygghandlingar)

Byggherrar

KRAVSTÄLLNING

ANALYS, KRAVSTÄLLNING

Produktionsplanering

KRAVSTÄLLNING

Förvaltning

VERKSAMHET

KRAVSTÄLLNING

BESLUT

Produktion

SKÖTSEL UNDERHÅLL REPARATIONER

KRAVSTÄLLNING

ANALYS, KRAVSTÄLLNING

GRANSKNING

KRAVSTÄLLNING

ANALYS, KRAVSTÄLLNING

ANALYS, KRAVSTÄLLNING

REVIDERINGAR

REVIDERINGAR

UTREDNINGAR UTREDNINGAR PLANSKISSER PLANSKISSER KALKYLERING KALKYLER

HUS- OCH ANLÄGGNINGSDATA (”BEF SIT”)

BERÄKNINGAR KALKYLERING DESIGN PROJEKTERING KONSTRUKTION

PLANUNDERLAG

”BEF SIT” GEODATA PLANDATA

+ DATA OM PLANERAT UTFÖRANDE

KALKYLERING PLANERING

Byggvaruproducenter och leverantörer

Förfrågan / Anbud

PLANERING PRODUKTION

GEODATA

DETALJPLAN ARBETSPLAN JÄRNVÄGSPLAN

BESLUT

MILJÖKRAV M.M.

BYGGLOVSHANTERING

BESLUT

Reklamationer, Garantier / Leverans

Förvaltningsdata

Förfrågan Anbud

+ DATA OM BYGGNADSVERKET

Byggentreprenörer

BIM

Konsulter

Om plan behövs

Kommunala myndigheter

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Informationsleveranser i samhällsbyggandet

MILJÖKRAV M.M.

HUS- OCH ANLÄGGNINGSDATA (NY ”BEF SIT”)

+ DATA OM BYGGT UTFÖRANDE

PRODUKTION PRODUKTION

Fastighetsdata (ombyggnad, rivning)

PRODUKTION LEVERANS

GEODATA

EU-DIREKTIV

MILJÖKRAV, FUNKTIONSKRAV M.M.

MILJÖKRAV, FUNKTIONSKRAV M.M.

EU-DIREKTIV

EU-DIREKTIV

GARANTIÅTAGANDEN

Beställning / Leverans

Beställning / Leverans

PRODUKTION LEVERANS

Fastighetsdata (nybyggnad)

GEODATA

Fastighetsdata (nybyggnad, ombyggnad, rivning)

Nationella myndigheter

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Urban Planning Programming Design BIM Specification Drawing and object encoding Quantity calculation Costing Production planning Materials management Construction Product Information Management

EU-direktiv

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GEODATA

Beställning / Leverans

ISO/FDIS 12006-2:2013 • The standard for building classification ISO 12006-2 has been revised to support e.g. BIM and new metods of construction procurement • New status: ISO/FDIS 120062:2013 • Every part of a construction entity shall be classified according to the same principles of subdivision, i.e. function, form and/or position • Enables mapping between national tables

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News in ISO/FDIS 12006-2:2013 • • • •

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The new definition of Construction elements supports existing classifications as well as applications within BIM. Before: ”construction entity part which, in itself or in combination with other such parts, fulfils a predominating function of the construction entity”. This definition only mentions function as subdividing property Now: ”constituent of a construction entity with a characteristic technical function, form or position”.

Wall?

Wall!

Use function and general technical solution • Use, including production, operation and maintenance, places demands on use functions of various types (load carrying capacity, privacy, climate, media, maintenance intervals, etc.). • In the design of construction entities an assumption of a general technical solution that can satisfy use functions is made, e.g. a house, road or bridge, where construction elements with the intended function and shape has been determined. • Examples include roofs, walls, floors and foundations for houses, roadway, hard shoulder and embankment for roads, and bridgeway and bridge structure for bridges, each with their use functions, shape, and position.

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Constructive function and detailed technical solution • The detailed design is made as technical solutions for each of the construction elements • These technical solutions are in turn composed of building elements, eg, trussed rafter, stud frame, precast concrete slab, bitumen bound surface course, in situ concrete bridge way construction • Construction elements in detailed technical solutions have different constructive functions.

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Construction elements in different levels support design Construction elements: parts of construction entities with function, form and/or position Function: bonding relation between things. Function can be in relation to user activity and environment (use function) and to other construction elements (constructive function) Technical system: system of construction elements in construction entities with function for a user activity – Technical systems can be subdivided into several levels of composition, where elements in a higher level may consist of elements in a lower level.

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Technical solution: a determined composition of construction elements. – A general technical solution has determined construction elements in a higher level of composition, while elements in a lower level are undetermined. – In a detailed technical solution also elements in a lower level are determined. – Construction elements in a detailed technical solution may also be determined according to manufacture and assembly.

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Technical system is an important addition realtive to ISO/FDIS 12006-2

Exemples of construction elements in a general technical solution of Road Construction (TS) Road construction

Edge strip

Verge Inner slope

Roadway

Middle verge

Roadway

Outer slope Walk and Verge Edge strip Inner slope bicycle way

It is not necessary to assume a thickness for the Road construction to determine construction elements in the general technical solution, surface profile is enough.

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Examples of construction elements in a detailed technical solution of a road construction Slope construction

Road body Superstructure: Wearing course Bound base course

Wall

Unbound base course Reinforcing layer Protection layer

Slope construction Subgrade

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Road bed

The number of layers depends on the requirements on the technical solution

Table structure TS Road construction (road body+slope construction)

Level 1

types

Level 2

types

Level 3

Roadway

Wearing course

Bitumen

Walk and bicycle way

Bound base course

Gravel

Walk way

Unbound base course

Concrete block

Reinforcing layer

Mortar

Protection layer

Soil

Vegetation layer

Plants

types

Level 4

types

Makadam

Bicycle way Verge Slope Edge strip Road bed Noise screen

• Construction elements in level 2 can be part of Construction elements in level 1, etc. • The levels represent increasing specification detailing • Construction elements in level 1 have use functions

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New systematic vs BSAB 96 42.B/20 External climatic envelopes in external walls – masonry, plaster

New systematic CE External wall

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42.C/42 Internal climatic envelopes in external walls – boards and wood studs or wood-based framing 27.C/42 Loadbearing external walls - boards and wood studs or wood-based framing 44.C In situ finishing covering on walls

In the BSAB-system an external wall as a whole is not a class, but its constituents are construction elements (i.e. design is not supported fully) An external wall is one (1) class i the new systematic In BSAB 96 internal walls belong to different classes depending on if they are load-bearing or non-load-bearing. This application hinders the use in digital models, where load-bearing is seen as a property of a wall rather than as class distinguishing.

New systematic vs BSAB 96 42.B/20 External climatic envelopes in external walls – masonry, plaster 42.C/42 Internal climatic envelopes in external walls – boards and wood studs or wood-based framing 27.C/42 Loadbearing external walls - boards and wood studs or wood-based framing

New systematic

44.C In situ finishing covering on walls

CE External wall

FSG.2 Brickwalls KBC.111 Layers of plasterboards as wind shield

HSD.113 Single stud frames of wood for walls CE External covering: FSG.2, BC.111 CE Wall structure: HSD.113, HSD.111 CE Insulation: IBE.241 CE Internal covering: KBC.211 CE Internal finishing layer: LCS.2212

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HSD.111 Sleepers for posts, stud frames etc IBE.241 Thermal insulation of mineral wool between studs in external walls KBC.211 Layers of plasterboard on studs in walls, columns etc. indoors LCS.2212 In situ painting of walls, columns etc indoors

Construction elements i several composition levels may be objects, e.g. ”External covering” in an external wall in a BIM. Production results specifying material and work of an element can be handled as properties. Designed element according to the earlier standard is a construction element with determined work results.

Exemples of construction elements in TS Wall system Wall system

Level 1

types

Level 2

Wall

• External wall • Internal wall

External covering Wall structure Insulation Internal covering Surface finishing

Window

Door

Gate Hatch

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Frame Glazing Casement • Internal door • External door

Frame Door blade

types

Level 3 Bricks Mortar Studs Mineral wool Plasterboard Nails

types

Classes in BIM-applications •

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In conjunction with BIM instances (information objects) are created from schema classes, such as interior wall created with the wall tool. The instance is thus by definition a wall. The BIM application's tool classes are geometry objects; their classification as construction objects must be listed separately as a property. In practice, the BIM object "slab" can be used to create, besides slab, a table top, a ceiling, and an inner floor. In quantity calculation with BIM the designated classification is used in stead of instance class. In a BIM application for design the tool classes should be construction elements in general technical solutions that will enable the determination of construction elements and characteristics in more detailed technical solutions.

Classification

ID

z Referencegeometry

x

Construction object

y Form

z x y

Properties - part of - has parts - material - colour - weight - price - .....

Styrgrupp

”KLASADO” BSAB 2016

Samordningsgrupp

Referensgrupp SIS/TK 269

BSAB-rådet

Systematikgrupp

Vägar och järnvägar inom Trafikverket

Vägar, gator, spårvägar, flygplatser utanför TrV

VA, VVS2 och kommunalteknik

Hus1

El, belysning och kraft

Ventilation

Processmedia

Styr, övervakning och signal

1: Byggnadskonstruktion och arkitektur. 2: Inklusive brand.

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The project is managed by BIM Alliance Sweden and Svensk Byggtjänst through a steering group which is already formed I styrgruppen föreslås att följande organisationer finns representerade: – – – – – – – – – – –

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BIM Alliance Sweden (ordförande) Trafikverket Svensk Byggtjänst Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting (SKL) Samverkansforum Swedavia Fastighetskontoret, Stockholms stad Trafikförvaltningen, Stockholms läns landsting Sveriges Byggindustrier VVS-företagen Svenska Teknik & Designföretagen (STD)