Cymbidium Orchids - Darjeeling Gardens Private Limited

January 13, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Engineering & Technology, Electrical Engineering, Microelectronics
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Cultivation of Cymbidium

Presented by : Darjeeling Gardens Private Limited

Deflusking Seedlings



Seedlings inside the bottle

 Grab the larger plants and pull to separate the agar from the bottle of the jar tenderly and gently with minimum mortality rate.



Rinse the agar from the root mass

 Soak the plants in a solution of subdue (systematic fungicides) for about 5 minutes

Ready to plant seedlings in the given manner

IDEAL CONDITION FOR THE GROWTH OF CYMBIDIUM LIGHT INTENSITY Light Intensity can be control by Shade net (50% to 70%) and artificial Light using halogens. Maximum day length should be 16 hours. RELATIVE HUMIDITY RH should be between 50% to 80% and it can be control by roof spraying, floor spraying or exhaust fans. TEMPERATURE During the hardening stage the temperature should me maintain at 18°C at night and 20-25°C during the day i.e. 18°C-25°C After hardening the plant the temperature can be around 14°C to 20°C in winter period.

SUBSTRATE Substrate should be light , aerated ,good water holding capacity and high porosity so there are two kind of media we can use for the growing cymbidium:

Leaf Mull : this are locally prepared and Low cost media with natural feeding to the plants generally used by the local people, but it had its own disadvantages like this substrate are to change every year, it is not safe from pest and diseases, feeding the plant before root development and others Cocopit : This substrate is a bi product of coconut and are used as a Media globally because this media are safe from pest and diseases and is also a soilless cultivation. This media can be reused after steralization. So if we see the cost effectiveness it is cheap. But here one has to maintain proper fertigation schedule.

PRODUCTION PROCEDURE

We deliver Cymbidium in flasks (tissue culture flasks) or as plantlets, when their leaves are 10-15 cm long, sow it in plugs (plug trays) or accordingly given in the

picture and keep it uniformly. Put a label of their varieties on it. Do not used any fertilizers until the roots starts developing. Maintain the temperature between 18-25°C and humidity between 60% to 80% .

when plants are large enough (after 6 to 8 Months ), they can be transplanted into 14/15 - cm pots (2-litre volume) and the nature of media should be little more Aerated by mixing coco – chip or pine Barks with the substrate or dry cow dung as practice locally.

IRRIGATION Water is one of the most important factors in production. Only rainwater or reverse osmosis water is suitable. Ultimately, any other kind of water will always result in cultivation problems. Provide enough water storage capacity. On hot days an average Cymbidium

crop needs 2-3 litres water per m2 per days for transpiration. If water being provided by drip irrigation is not maintained at a minimum temperature of 12°C, various growth problems can develop. Warmer temperatures result in no problems as long as the

water is kept below 25°C. A counter-flow system or small heated indoor intermediate tank is required.

MICRO AND MACRO NUTRIENTS Generally orchids require less fertilizer than most other plants. But feeding them the right amount of orchid fertilizer at the right time can lead to more brilliant flowers and stronger growth. In the winter, or when the plants are not actively growing, don’t fertilize the orchids at all. Thinleaf orchids such as Cymbidium will have leaves with burned tips. To remedy this situation, flush the pots with plain water to get the fertilizer out. Orchids need 16 nutrients—nine macronutrients and seven micronutrients. Macronutrients are so called because they are needed in larger quantity. On the other hand, micronutrients, though equally critical to the health of orchid, are need in very small amount. These nutrients are: Macronutrients Hydrogen (H) – food production Carbon (C) – food production Oxygen (O) – food production Nitrogen (N) – leave and stem growth Phosphorus (P) – flower production Potassium (K) – general good health Calcium (Ca) – cell wall formation Sulfur (S) – combined with N and P to produce proteins Magnesium (Mg) –producing food

Micronutrients Iron (Fe) Manganese (Mn) Zinc (Zn) Copper (Cu) Boron (B) Molybdenum (Mo) Chlorine (Cl)

FUNGICIDES AND INSECTISIDES (MEDICATION) Alternative use of systematic and unsystematic fungicites like Bavistin and Indophill M45 respectively used. In the rainy season or when the humidity is very high we can use Moximate or Companion. We can use O-Mites Or Atom for mites and Insects. Jump can be also used if trips are visible.

GREEENHOUSE SYSTEM • Hi-Tech Greenhouses : Made of GI pipes or alluminium fitting under latest UV sheet with good irrigation system (Drip Irrigation facility).

• Low Cost Greenhouses : Made of bamboo and low cost UV sheet and water tank for irrigation.

For cultivating cymbidium should have several sections for producing Cymbidium to accommodate the various flowering periods : • vegetative phase for young plants • early-season flowering (until Christmas) • mid-season flowering (January-Februaray) • late-season flowering (March – April)

Bed Should be prepare in such a design so that the will be proper drenching of water ( at least 20% ) and aeration. Shade net of 30 to 50% is provided to control light intensity

SCHEDULE SHEET FOR CYMBIDIUM CULTIVATION Age

Environment

Irrigation

Fertigation

3 month to 8 18 degree C to 28 degree C to month be maintain the night the temperature can go down to 14 degree C not below than that

Whenever the media is dry( media wash is necessary every month)

NPK (19:19:19) 1.5g/ltr in a week in summers and need less fertilizers in winters and rainy season.

9 months to 20 months

Same as above but the night temperature can go down to 8 degree C. Needs more aeration

Same as above Media wash is necessary and is done monthly.

21 month to 30 month

Same as above

Same as above

31 months Same as above. Needs a little Same as Above till flowering cooler climate for flowering (8 degree C to 15 degree C is ideal) noght temperature can go below 6 degree C and need more areation

Medication

Bavistin 1g/ltr and Indophill M45 1g/ltr alternatively sprayed alternatively Confidor or Atom is spread in a fortnight 1ml/ltr. NPK(19:19:19) 2 g/ltr Whenever is required in a week and 1.5g/ltr or is visible. Localise in rainy season and spary is helpul. winters. NPK CaNO3 and KNO3 Same as above in the ration of 3:1:1 twice in a week in summers and one in a week in winters and rainy season Same as above Same as above and jump can be also used.

Pot size (inches) 4*3” pot

6*4” pots

8*10” pots

12*14” pots

Thank you Darjeeling Gardens Private Limited 3rd Floor Janpath House Seth Srilal Market, Sevoke Road Siliguri- 734001 Mob no. +919733312397, +9133312385

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