Disobeying traffic rules

January 20, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Social Science, Psychology, Conformity
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Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? Vratislav FILLER Auto*Mat VOCA meeting, Vienna, 29.3.-3.4.2012

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (0)

Good news first: Kapitána Jaroše crossing

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (0)

Good news first: Kapitána Jaroše crossing

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (1)

Outline   

      

Status quo of disobeying in Czech Republic Space for disobeying in various traffic modes Sources of disobeying: Legislation, personal point of view, infrastructure Does „lawful“ mean „impractical“? Effects on level of cycling transportation Effects on public perception of cycling Practical point of view: comprehensive bending of rules Reducing space for disobeying Opportunities and risks for campaigners One final question :-)

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (2)

Status quo in Prague - 1  

Riding on interrupted cyclepaths and crosswalks, running red lights when crossing minor streets

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (3)

Status quo in Prague - 2 

Sidewalks commonly used as cycle path (not legal in CZ)

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (4)

Status quo in Prague - 3 

Using tram lanes when zero space on right

Photo: Václav Kříž

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (5)

Status quo in Prague - 4 

Using counterflow oneways (with some querilla legalization :-) )

Photo: Václav Kříž

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (6)

Status quo in Prague - 5 Admitted disobeying of rules Survey among 412 cyclists, Prague 2010

100%

88%

80% 61% 60%

46% 37% 24%

Riding along parked cars

Crossing of busy road

Interrupted bike lanes

Overtaking queue

The survey was carried out by Vratislav Filler in project of NGO Oživení, „Jak odstranit klíčové bariéry cyklodopravy v Praze“ in 2010

Oneway against flow

Safe crosswalk

Riding in traffic jam

Dangerous crosswalk

Turning left from 2nd.+ lane

5%

Crossing with pictocoridor

0%

17%

21%

27%

18%

Crossing with traffic lights

40% 20%

66%

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (7)

Status quo in Prague - 6 More numbers 

Crosswalk „Agip“:



2 of ~700 cyclists dismounted (Pr.T. 2007)



Kapitána Jaroše: 40% run red to avoid dangerous waiting (Oživení, 2010).





Mánes: only 3 of 50 cyclists pass legally; waiting for green takes 60-80 sec (Survey Pr.T. 16.4.2011.)

Photos (from up to down): Václav Kříž, Tomáš Cach, Tomáš Prousek

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (8)

Space for disobeying 

Different opportunities for cars, pedestrians and cyclists

There is not too many ways, how to break rules in car here.

(photo Cycling Commitee of Prague)

What else to do than to disobey? (Yes, You may dismount, but that is not the purpose why the bicycle was made for.)

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (9)

Effects of disobeying - cars 





Car speeding proven at least as dangerous as alcohol Especially threating unprotected participants of traffic Illegal car parking creates bareer mostly for other participants of traffic

Source of plots: Advancing Sustainable Safety, SWOV Institute for Road Safety Research, 2006. Both plots are based on scientific studies.

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (10)

Effects of disobeying - bicycles 

Ride against one-way flow is mostly safe 



Crosswalk interrupting cyclepath has no negative safety effect in CZ. –



– Only 3 serious accidents in Vienna since 1980 (where legal, source: Ing. Blaha)

– In CZ, cyclists generally do not have right of way on bicycle crossing.

Ride on sidewalks has effect depending on frequency of pedestrians and cyclists.

problematic

Possible Source of plot: Gute Lösungen in und für Wien, 2012

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (11)

Effects of disobeying - summary Very different effects of common disobeying for particular groups: 

For cars, usual effect is threat for others.



For bicycles, there is mostly no effect on safety 



except threat to pedestrians.

As much as possible „harmless“ offences should be legal.

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (12)

Sources of disobeying (1 - external) Sources: Internal (cyclist, vehicle) x external (infrastructure, rules) 

Non-bicycle infrastructure – –







– why to dismount? – pointless slowings down

Not natural infrastructure – – pointless waiting on lights – – pointless detours – – mandatory worse routes Remark: well known reasons for poor infrastructure are wrong norms and outdated preferences of decisive executives.

Rules not for bicycles – – –

– prohibited safe behaviour (e.g. taking lane) – prohibited natural behaviour (two cyclists abreast) – car favouring rules (right of way, mandatory infrastructure...)

Image: Cach, Syrový, Prousek

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (13)

Sources of disobeying (2 - internal) 

Lack of knowledge –



Personal – – – –



– Sidewalks, crosswalks and counterflow streets considered to be legal

– Ruthlessness towards pedestrians. – Haste (red lights, risky maneuver) – Alcohol – Yes, and there is still space for some unintended mistakes...

Vehicle / equipment – –

– Helmets , reflectors, lights... – Analogica offenses exist for drivers too.

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (14)

Sources of disobeying (3 - summary) Transport mode

Violation

External sources

Internal sources

Car

Speeding

Speed inducing infrastructure

Haste, habit

Illegal parking

Street design allowing it

Excessive car use

Sidewalks

Missing or dangerous infrastructure

Scared by traffic, considering it legal

Crosswalks

Poor infrastructure, bad legislation

-

One-way counterflow

Bad legislation, ignorance of decision makers

Considering it legal

Bicycle

Pedestrians

Running red lights Car oriented light setting

Haste (rarely)

Crossing outside crosswalks

Missing/badly located crosswalks

Laziness (rarely)

Red lights

Car oriented light setting

Haste, running public transport

It seems that for drivers prevail internal sources, whereas for cyclists and pedestrians external. Many breaches are „enforced by infrastructure.“

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (15)

Does „lawful“ mean „impractical“?



„Yes – but how much?“



Time losses and uphills decrease willingness to ride: Willingness to ride by time convenience 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Willingness to climb on daily route 100% 80%

Extrapolated part

60% 40% 20%

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

Difference in time to basic mean of transport (minuts) all

regular

occasional

When bicycle is slower than public transport, then every minute lost on traffic light decreases willingness to cycle by 5%.

Plots from survey of 412 Prague cyclists, by project of Oživení, „Jak odstranit klíčové bariéry cyklodopravy v Praze“, 2010.

0% 0 all

50 regular

100 occassional

150

200

250

climb (m)

Stopping and starting to 20 km/h equals 1.6 m climb. Assume cyclepath in urban area with obligation to stop (or slow) on every crossing (200m span). It creates additional 80 m uphill on 10 km route, decreasing willingness by 40%.

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (16)

Prone to disobey? 



Does illegal ride discourage people? –

– „Keep rules even if wrong“ → lost for everyday cycling.



– Centre of Prague: 80% adult men among cyclisnts (counting 2010)



– Mixed with safety issues (perceived as biggest barrier in Prague – survey 2010).

Do more people cycle who are prone to disobey? –



– First riders („pioneers“): • → high experience • → good risk assessment • → good knowledge of principles • → lower care about keeping official rules – Newbies („followers“): • → May not understand principles • → May disobey needlessly

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (17)

Bad image of cycling 



Status Quo changes when cycling rises rapidly –

– Level of acceptable sidewalk cycling is limited → strong negative effect!



– On roads, effect of „safety in numbers“ is rather positive.

Dangerous image of reckless cyclists: – – –



– 5% of reckless creates image of all – Complaints even from regular cyclists – Complaints from citizens → turns politicans against bicycle transport

Connection with poor infrastructure and evil rules is not comprehensive for people who do not cycle. –

– Comparison with pedestrians fails, as they are rarely a threat



– „It's like if a highway changes into a rural road“



– „It's like if you're obliged to push the car“

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (18)

Practical point of view  

„Light lane“? We do it without lasers! Creating new rules on the fly: –

– Changing roles („car“, „pedestrian“, „not being there“)



– Creating virtual infrastructure (bike lanes, boxes, counterflow signs, green signals, etc.)



To suppress danger we need to be:



– – comprehensive for everybody. To suppres negative image of cycling, we need also to be: –

– acceptable for everybody!



– Desired image: „Well, OK, he/she did something clearly illegal, but what else I would do on his/her place...“



– Excludes aggressive techniques of invisible or „non-existent“ cyclist.

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (19)

Reducing space for disobeying Principles: 

Natural infrastructure.

Requires standards of



– actual safety

(widths, radiuses, clearances...)



– perceived safety

(traffic to merge, speed...)



– social safety

(light, wide underpasses...)



– practical atractivity

(directness, quickness, no double hills...)



Considerable laws and technical norms



Change way of thiking of traffic decision makers



Education to be carefull and considerate.



Education to understand each other.

Many of these principles are not achievable by campaigning organizations, but we need to keep them on mind.

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (20)

Opportunities for campaigners „Safety in numbers“:

+ in traffic

– on sidewalks

What to do when cycling rises? 

Special focus on behaviour towards pedestrians –



Collaboration with officials –

– –



– Include among main messages about cycling transport – big city PR / information campaign to improve mutual

understanding – find most effective measurements how to get newbie cyclists on the road without discouraging them. – cooperation with police to find sensible way to manage rising amounts of „sidewalk cyclists“

Find own mechanisms how to suppress rude behaviour of cyclists toward pedestrians.  

– work with community? – shoot them? ;-)

Disobeying traffic rules: irresponsibility or consequence? (21)

Neverending question: Integrated or segregated? Should we prefer integrated infrastructure, even if too poor? 

Integrated infrastructure in „Wild-esatern style“ 





– Distractive for beginners

– Unusable for weak cyclists and children

What is then a „lowest quality tolerable“? 

– Example: Kpt. Jaroše crossing – to be praised, but...



How to make this topic interesting for politicians?



How to catch non-cycling majority positively?

Thank you for your attention

View more...

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