Distribution and Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila in Florida Berry Crops Oscar E. Liburd P r o f e s s o r o f F r u i t a n d Ve g . E n t o m o l o g y University of Florida
Objectives • Create an awareness of SWD prevalence on fruit crops • To teach hands-on skills in identifying, monitoring and managing SWD populations in berry crops • To create an opportunity for open discussions with industry representatives, extension agents and growers • Inform growers of the available resources for managing SWD
SWD Global Impact
North America: Canada
US > Mexico
$2 B
Europe: > $4 Spain France Italy Germany Austria Slovenia Switzerland Croatia Belgium
Central America: Costa Rica S. America: Ecuador
B
Asia: Japan $500 M China Thailand Taiwan North & South Korea Pakistan Russian Far East Myanmar India
First Record of SWD in Florida • First recorded in 2009 in in Hillsborough Co. • > 28 Counties infested • Economic losses in small fruits in 2013 was ~35 M
Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) Male SWD
• Family Drosophilidae • “Vinegar flies” • “Fruit flies” • “Pomace flies”
• Male
http://extension.psu.edu/vegetable-fruit/factsheets/spotted-wing-drosophila
• Dark spots on wings • Two bands on forelegs
• Female • Serrated ovipositor • No wing spots
Female SWD
http://jenny.tfrec.wsu.edu/opm/gallery.php?pn =165
SWD Lifecycle
Egg 1-3 days
Pupae 4-15 days
Adult 21- 63 days* Oviposition 1-2 days Fecundity 200-600 eggs
Larvae 5-7 days
SWD Survey: 2012-2014 Blueberry Seasons
Mean SWD per Trap
6
2012
5
2013 2014
4 3 2 1 0
County (North to South)
Captures of SWD in strawberry fields in Hillsborough Co., FL 2014 Farms A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P
Mean Number of SWD per trap
February 10 February 24 March 10 0 0 0 1. 7 0 0 0 0 0 10 0.7 0 0 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3 0.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2 0 0.3 0 0 2.3 0.3 0 0.3 2.1 0 0 3.2 0 1.5 0 0
March 24 0 0.5 0.5 0.8 4.4 0 0 2.1 0 0 3.1 0 0.4 1.8 0.5 0.2
Mean 0 0.6 0.1 2.9 1.2 0 0 1.8 0 0 2.3 0.1 0.8 1.5 0.9 0.4
Captures of SWD in strawberry fields in Bradford Co., FL 2014
Bradford County
Movement SWD population from woodlands into blueberry plantings
F = 52.84; df = 1, 141, P < 0.0001
SWD population dynamics throughout the year
O. Liburd
Major hosts: Black night shade, Wild blackberry, Wild grapes (Vitis sp), Sparkleberry (Vaccinium arboreum), Holly (Ilex sp), Fraser Photinia (Photinia x fraseri)
New baits and traps for 2015 Trece trap
No price yet
$8.25 Case for $74.95
T. Nyoike
T. Nyoike
$0.5 T. Nyoike T. Nyoike
Suzukii Bait very specific
Entry holes on the trap
Modifications in our trap design
SWD traps
Trece trap and SWD bait/lure evaluation
T. Garrick
Suzukii bait
Pherocon SWD Lures
$4.50 a pair
Treatments: 1.
Yeast sugar water in Trece traps
2.
Yeast sugar water in regular traps
3.
Suzukii bait in Trece traps
4.
Suzukii bait in regular traps
5.
Locally made trap
Trece trap
Pherocon Lures + soapy water
www. greatlakesipm.com 1-800-235-0285
Baits & pherocon Lures performance
F = 7.67; df = 4, 72, P 50% of the strawberry fields were infested with SWD • The suzukii bait in Trece traps was equally attractive to SWD as the yeast-sugar bait
• Exirel performed as well or better than other standards in reducing SWD population
Acknowledgements • FDACS Specialty Crop Block Grant
UF Fruit & Vegetable IPM Lab
• FL Strawberry Growers Association (FSGA)
Grad. Students Lindsy Iglesias Chris Crockette Tamika Garrick Tola Dosunmu
• Walmart Foundation • Participating Growers (Alto Straughn)
Oscar E. Liburd
[email protected] http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/liburd/fruitnvegipm (352) 273-3918 Tel.
Post-Docs Janine Razze Elena Rhodes Shweta Sharma
