Dr-Ihsan AL-Kardi*********..******..Parasitology

April 4, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Science, Biology, Zoology, Parasitology
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Dr-Ihsan AL-Kardi………………………..………………..Parasitology

Order : Pseudophyllidea . Family : Diphyllobothriidae . Genus : Diphyllobothrium . Species : D . Latum .

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Diphyllobothrium latum is called Fish tape worm . Known also as the human broad tape worm . Parasite causing a disease is called ( Diphyllobothriasis ) . Final host : human , dogs , pigs , foxes , cats and bear . Intermediate host : having two intermediate hosts :1- Firest intermediate host ( Crustacean like cyclops ) . 2- Second intermediate host ( Fresh water fish like trout ) .

- Site in final host : small intestine .

Morphology : 1- Very long tape worm reach up to10 meter in length . 2- The scolex is unarmed with no rostellum or hooklets and have two muscular with one dorsally and one Ventrally longitudinal grooves is called Botheria . 3- The mature segment sequre shape with central genital pore ( wide than long ) . 4- Gravid segment have Coiled Rosette Tube the Uterus centrally located . 5- segments & eggs found in the intestine and found in the feces of the human . 6- Eggs is ovoid in shape possess an operculum ( plug ) within thick , brown shell .

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Dr-Ihsan AL-Kardi………………………..………………..Parasitology

Life cycle :-

Adult worm in final host ⟶ eggs ⟶ coracidium ⟶ ingested by 1st I.M.H Under cooked infected fish ⤒

(crustacean like cyclope ) ⤓

ingested dy final host

Develop of plerocercoid ⟵ The infected 1st I.M .H Found in fish muscle

ingested by 2nd I.M.H

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⟵ develop to procercoid in crustacean body cavity

Dr-Ihsan AL-Kardi………………………..………………..Parasitology

Pathogenesis :1234-

Pernicious anemia due to absorption of vitamins B 12 by adult worm . Eosinophilia . Slight leukocytosis . Intestinal inflammation due to attachment of the Scolex .

Epidemiology :1- World wide distribution especially north Europe , Japan , Canada and USA . 2- Several factor are need to complete worm’s life cycle e.g. insect (crustacean and Cyclopes ) and fish ( like Salmon and trout ) . 3- Eating raw fish meat lead to spread the infection . Diagnosis :1- Detection of eggs in stool . 2- Blood picture ( anemia ) . Treatment :1- Praziquantel 10 mg / kg. b.w . 2- Niclosamide one oral dose 2gm. 3- Supportive therapy ( vitamins) . Control :Cooking of fish meat before eating by final host . 3

Dr-Ihsan AL-Kardi………………………..………………..Parasitology

Genus : spirometra Genus contains species e.g. 1- Spirometra mansoni Adults live In feline small intestine (length 60-100 cm) , larva ( 30 cm ( 2- S. mansonoides . Characters : 1. It causes a disease called Sparganosis. 2. Members of genus Spirometra similar to Diphyllobothrium genus, both had 1st intermediate an arthropods . 3. Differences between Spirometra & Diphyllobothrium are : A- 2nd intermediate host of Spirometra are Frogs , snakes , Amphibian & mammals , unlike in Diphyllobothrium as Fish . B- The 2nd Larval stage called ( Sparganum ) . C- Spirometra definitive host are Dogs & cats . - Human may play role as 2nd host especially those who eating raw meat of frogs or snakes in orients regions , or when drinking contaminated water by intermediate hosts . - Sparganum is the old name for the plerocercoid . - Life cycle of spirometra is similar to Diphyllobothrium .

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