ENGLISH 111 - april n. patrick

January 5, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Arts & Humanities, Communications
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English Composition II: ENGL 112 Tuesday, February 22, 2011

Plan for Today  Section 1 (5:15-6:30) – Week 7 Quiz – Discussion of Critical Lens and Schools of Criticism  Section 2 (6:45-7:45) – Peer Review Workshop  Section 3 (8:00-9:00) – Review for Final Exam – Assign Homework  Section 4 (9:00-10:15) – Individual Conferences on Essay 3

Week 7 Quiz

Schools of Criticism

Formalism & New Criticism (pp 2045-2047)  Formalism – Stresses the importance of literary form to the meaning of a work – Considers each work in isolation – Relies on • • • •

close textual reading organization and structure verbal nuances (word choices and figurative language) multiple meanings

– Considers biographical, historical, and social matters to be irrelevant to the real meaning of a play, short story, novel or poem  New Criticism is American version of Formalism  Ex: Formalist Reading of “The Storm”

Reader-Response Criticism (pp 2047-2049)  Reader-Response Criticism – Opposes formalism – Sees reader’s interaction with text as central to interpretation – Does not believe that a work of literature exists as a separate, closed entity, but rather based on a reader’s experiences and knowledge – Important concepts include • different personalities and histories • recursive readings (coming back to the text with a new interpretation at a different time in life) • reception theory (generations reading a text differently)

– Stanley Fish, an American critic, writes that no two readers read the same book

 Ex: 3 Reader-Response Readings of “The Storm”

Feminist Criticism (pp 2050-2051)  Feminist Criticism – Recovers female and under-represented voices in literature that have been repressed due to patriarchal control – Focuses not on anatomical sex but gender, which is socially constructed – Two Focuses • Reinterpreting traditional works in the canon • Adding and redefining the canon

 Ex: Feminist Reading of “I Stand Here Ironing”

Marxist Criticism (pp 2052-2053)  Marxist Criticism – Believes dominant middle class will be overthrown by working classes – Until then, sees middle class as exploiting working class – Considers the effects of middle-class capitalism on the working classes – Sees literature as supporting cultural elite and suppressing the working class  Ex: Marxist Reading of “I Stand Here Ironing”

Psychoanalytic Criticism (pp 2054-2056)  Psychoanalytic criticism – Sees literature as an expression in fictional form of the inner workings of the human mind – Uses theories of Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, • believed that we are forced to repress much of our experiences and many of our desires in order to coexist peacefully with others • believed that literature could often be interpreted as the reflection of our unconscious life

– If using Psychoanalytic criticism, should read terms on p 2055

 Ex: Psychoanalytic Reading of “The Cask of Amontillado”

Structuralism (pp 2057-2059)  Structuralism – Sees literature as a system of signs that have no inherent meaning except for conventional relation to one another – Ignores the individuality of the text and instead looks at patterns, systems, and structures

– Some critics propose that all narratives can be charted as variations on certain basic universal narrative patterns • Monomyth • Initiation/Coming of Age

 Ex: Structuralist Reading of “Barn Burning”

New Historicism (pp 2063-2065)  New Historicism – Relates text to the historical context of • the period in which it was created • the periods in which it was critically evaluated

– Cannot interpret literature without reference to the time and place in which it was written – Sees history as open to interpretation  Ex: New Historicist Reading of “The Yellow Wallpaper”

American Multiculturalism (pp 2070-2071)  American Multiculturalism – Studies interactions between members of different cultures – Increases visibility of literature produced by minority groups – Creates critical environment where these works can be appreciated – Like Feminist Criticism, focuses on • Texts left out of canon • Rereading texts included in canon

– Is suspicious of categories of high/low art – Texts shaped by societal conditions  Ex: American Multiculturalist Reading of “Everyday Use”

Peer Review Workshop

Review for Final Exam

Review for Final Exam  Three Sections – Matching (Literary Terms) – Short Answer (choose three of four) – Essay (choose one of two)  Studying for Final Exam – Review literary terms from each week and examples of each from the stories – Review stories themselves for plot, character, theme, etc.

– Focus on connections among stories – How do they fit together?

Homework  Study for Final Exam  Finish Essay 3 – Submit a copy to TurnItIn.com – Submit a copy by email or as a hard copy by the beginning of class

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