future tenses - EnglishGrammarI-2012

Tenses used to describe future are:  Simple Present  Present Continuous  Future Simple  Be going to future Future Continuous  Future Perfect Simple  Future Perfect Continuous

We use it in a future meaning when we are talking about timetables, programmes,(for public transportation, cinemas etc), something officially planned What time does the film begin? The train leaves London at 10:30.

Although the action takes place in the future, it takes place regularly and is set by a timetable.

We can use the simple present tense to talk about people if their plans are fixed like a timetable (such as politicians, businessmen) What time do you finish work tomorrow? I start my new job on Monday.

My class begins at 9 tomorrow and finishes at 12. We don’t use present simple for personal arrangements

We use it for personal arrangements when we have already arranged to do something, with decisions and firm plans in the future (to be going to –very close, but Present continuous is much stronger, the plans are more firm and better prepared) He is having dinner with Ann next Friday. Are you playing tennis tomorrow morning? It is common with verbs: go, come visit, have ( a party), leave.

The future simple is formed: Auxiliary verb WILL + Main Verb Base form

It is used: Decisions - to make decisions that are made at the time of speaking We will eat dinner today at 6:00PM We will clean your room this week. Desire - Willingness - to state desire or willingness for something or someone The girls will be happy to go on holiday for a few weeks. I will be happy to help you today. Facts - to state a fact about the future My teacher will be happy, the whole class passed the test. The phone bill will be very very high, my father will be very upset.

Predict - to predicate a future event or action I think it will rain this afternoon. My sister will be a great teacher. Formal Statements - to make a formal statement about a future action or event The president will make a public announcement on Tuesday at 8:00PM. The school will be closed for a few days. Suggestions - to make suggestions or state ideas We will be happy drive you to the store. Will we go to the store tonight or tomorrow morning. Request - to make a request Will you come with me to the store? You will do your homework now.

AFFIRMATIVE FORM SUBJECT

AUX VERB WILL

MAIN VERB (BASE FORM)

I They My dog Your

will will will

be go come

COMPLEMENT at school today. to the doctor tomorrow. home this evening.

Short form: will = ‘ll NEGATIVE FORM SUBJECT

AUX VERB WILL + NOT

MAIN VERB (BASE FORM)

I They My dog Your

will not will not will not

be go come

Short form: will not = won’t

COMPLEMENT at school today. to the doctor tomorrow. home this evening.

INTERROGATIVE FORM

AUX VERB WILL

SUBJECT

MAIN VERB (BASE FORM)

Will Will Will Will

I you your friends someone

have be help come

COMPLEMENT

time to go to the store? home next week? you clean your room latter? some milk and cheese?

Future Progressive or Continuous It is formed: WILL + BE + VERB-ING Uses: Emphasize - to emphasize an action or an event that will be in progress at sometime in the future. Next week we will be asking in the mountains. Tomorrow my parents are coming to visit out new house. A future activity already planned By this time tomorrow. I’ll be lying on the beach. To describe simple futurity with a “softening effect” I’ll work on this morning. (intention, possibly a promise) I’ll be working on this morning. (futurity) Arrangements and plans- to refer to planned events We’ll be spending the winter in Australia. Professor Carig will be giving a lecture tomorrow evening.

AFFIRMATIVE FORM SUBJECT

AUX VERB WILL

AUX VERB BE

You The children My storm

will will will

be be be

MAIN VERB ING working starting coming

COMPLEMENT

for the next few days. school next week. soon.

NEGATIVE FORM

SUBJECT

You The children My storm

AUX VERB WILL

NOT

AUX VERB BE

will will will

not not not

be be be

MAIN VERB -ING working starting coming

COMPLEMENT

for the next few days. school next week. soon.

INTERROGATIVE FORM

AUX VERB WILL

SUBJECT

AUX VERB BE

Will Will Will

you the children my storm

be be be

MAIN VERB -ING working starting coming

COMPLEMENT

for the next few days? school next week? soon.?

The future simple perfect Form: WILL+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE The Future Perfect shows the time before which something will finish. Expresses action in the future before another action in the future To express an action that will be completed before a definite time or event in the future: Examples: They will have finished their work by 3 o’clock tomorrow. I’ll have finished my work by the time you read this book. She will have written all the letters when you have come.

It is often used with "by" and "not", "for" and "until" to state that the action or event will be completed at time in the future. AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES SUBJECT

AUX VERB WILL

AUX VERB HAVE

MAIN VERB (PAST PARTICPLE )

COMPLEMENT

NEGATIVE FORM SUBJECT

AUX VERB WILL

NOT

AUX VERB HAVE

MAIN VERB (PAST PARTIPLE)

COMPLEMENT

INTERROGATIVE FORM AUX VERB WILL

SUBJECT

AUX VERB HAVE

MAIN VERB (PAST PARTIPLE)

COMPLEMENT

EXAMPLES: On Sunday I have to work late. When I get home I will have eaten dinner. The test is in a week from tomorrow, I hope you will have prepared for it. My sister is coming to visit next week. I will not have moved into my new house by then.

On Tuesday I will leave at eight o'clock in the morning, but will not have gotten to work in time for the meeting. Will I have worked here long enough to get a bonus check?

Will you have saved enough money to come see me next year?

The Future Perfect Continuous Tense FORM: WILL +HAVE +BEEN +ING FORM USES: Emphasize how long an event will be in progress at a future time stress the length of time of an event or action in the future.

To state the results of an action or event in the future. Represent a continuous action that stated at some point, and continues into some point in the future.

State the results of a future action, after an other future action. (2 actions that will take place in the future, one action takes place before, the 2nd action)

EXAMPLES: In the fall I will have been studying here for 2 years. My son will have been in teaching for 10 years next month. The teacher will have been teaching my children for 5 years next month.

The dogs will have been playing for 3 hours in 10 minutes. Tammy will be very tired when she comes home, because she will have been flying over 24 hours.

Going to FORM: SUBJECT+ VERB TO BE (PRESENT)+GOING TO+ MAIN VERB Planed Events - When a future event that has been planed before the time of speaking. I am going to Mexico in a few days. They are going to university next year. Predictions - To make a future prediction based on facts. There is going to be a really big storm in a few hours. The test next week is going to be really hard. Intentions - To state that something is intended to take place in the future, in informal conversations. I am going to be a rich person someday. The puppies are going to make a big mess in house