Golden Age of Athens PowerPoint

Golden Age in Athens

DO NOW What comes to mind when you hear “Golden Age”?

• • • •

Wealth Glory Advances in arts Advances in technology

How Athens ….

•Citizens still voted •Still gathered at acropolis and agora •Each summer held festival to honor Athena

•Used Navy to become leader in Greek affairs •gained wealth through trade

•Acropolis had new buildings to show increased wealth and power •Built a marble temple to Athena called Parthenon-ruins still there today •By 460 B.C. Athens is the leading city-state in Greece

Parthenon-ruins

Government • Athens was a democracy • An assembly of citizens voted on issues that concerned the city • citizens- some men; no women or slaves • Assembly- lawmaking body of government • Athens one of the first do have this

Key People PERICLESSOCRATES-

PLATOPHILIP II-

Pericles • leader of Athens around 450 B.C. • made sure all citizens could take part in government • Any citizen could be in assembly or serve on a jury- arranged for them to be paid • This allowed even poor people to take part in government

SOCRATES •Teacher of philosophy in the middle 400’s B.C. •Angered some by questioning laws, customs, and religion •Brought to trial in 399 B.C. for “urging Athens’ young people to revolt” •Sentenced to death

PLATO Greek philosopher and student of Socrates

PHILIP II• King of Macedonia • Father of Alexander the Great • Conquered Greece in 338 B.C • Developed idea of phalanxes- small fighting units • His armies used 18 ft spears and depended on soldiers on horseback more than on foot soldiers in combat

phalanxes

Effects of the Golden Age • Creation of the Peloponnesian League(Sparta and its’ allies)

Effects of the Golden Age • Sparta- Jealous and fearful of the power of Athens • Sparta and allies attack Athens in 431 B.C., • Start of The Peloponnesian War

The Peloponnesian War

Major Events • Pericles orders Athenians inside the city walls- acropolis • Spartans destroy farmland to try to starve out Athenians, but Navy keeps bringing grain to city • Nobody can gain an advantage--- leads to great loss of life on both sides

The War Ends • Athens wins sea battles and Sparta wins land battles • Plague breaks out in Athens-1/3 of population dies, including Pericles= no strong leader for Athens • New leaders make mistakes-attack island of Sicily= big loss of life and weakening of Navy • Spartans cut off food supply from Black Sea farmers and Athens faced starvation • Allies left them and defeat was near--surrendered in 404 B.C.

End of Golden Age • Other Greek city-states jealous and fearful of Athen’s power • After 27 years of fighting… Athens surrenders to Sparta

The Greek Times www.dailynews.com

THE WORLD’S FAVORITE NEWSPAPER

-338 B.C.

Greece gets taken over by Macedonia! Constant warfare among the Greek citystates left them open to attack! Philip II organized a powerful army and made some changes in battle tactics! -Gave soldiers 18 ft. spears -Organized army into phalanxes, or small units -Used cavalry- soldiers on horseback

Democracy

• citizens vote • First developed in Athens • Developed because poorer Athenian citizens began to demand a voice in their government. • In first democracy every citizen was allowed to vote • Held large meetings to discuss and vote on important issues • Pay given to those participating in the government • Had assembly and juries • Citizens= men who were at least 18 years old • Not citizens= women, men under 18, and slaves

FAIR • Included rich and poor • People could speak their minds • All citizens could participate • Peacefully settled disputes • Age restrictions • Paid for service

UNFAIR • • • • •

Only some men could vote No women’s rights Limited citizenship Slavery Money and power still had advantages