Industrialization Spreads

Industrialization Spreads Close Read

Standards Alignment Text with Close Read instructions for students

Intended to be the initial read in which students annotate the text as they read. Students may want to circle unfamiliar vocabulary, underline key ideas, or comment on the information presented.

Standards Alignment California State Standards for Grade 10 • 10.3 Students analyze the effects of the Industrial Revolution in England, France, Germany, Japan, and the United States. – 1. Analyze why England was the first country to industrialize. – 2. Examine how scientific and technological changes and new forms of energy brought about massive social, economic, and cultural change (e.g., the inventions and discoveries of James Watt, Eli Whitney, Henry Bessemer, Louis Pasteur, Thomas Edison). – 3. Describe the growth of population, rural to urban migration, and growth of cities associated with the Industrial Revolution. – 4. Trace the evolution of work and labor, including the demise of the slave trade and the effects of immigration, mining and manufacturing, division of labor, and the union movement. – 5. Understand the connections among natural resources, entrepreneurship, labor, and capital in an industrial economy. Common Core Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students: – RH 1 - Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources, attending to such features as the date and origin of the information. – RH 2 - Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of how key events or ideas develop over the course of the text. – RH 3 - Analyze in detail a series of events described in a text; determine whether earlier events caused later ones or simply preceded them. – RH 4 - Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary describing political, social, or economic aspects of history/social studies. – RH 5 - Analyze how a text uses structure to emphasize key points or advance an explanation or analysis. Common Core Writing Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students: – WHST 4 - Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. – WHST 9 - Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.

Industrialization Spreads Directions: As you read, circle unfamiliar vocabulary, underline key ideas, and comment on the information presented. Industrial Development in the United States How did industrialization begin in the United States? Other countries began to industrialize after Great Britain. The United States was one of the first. Like Britain, the United States had a great deal of coal and water to create power. There was also plenty of iron. In addition, the immigrants that came to the United States created a large supply of workers. The United States also benefited from conflict with Britain. During the War of 1812, Britain stopped shipping goods to the United States. As a result, American industries began to make many of the goods that Americans wanted. In 1813, a group of Massachusetts investors built textile factories in Waltham, Massachusetts. Just a few years later they built even more factories in the Massachusetts town of Lowell. Thousands of workers, mostly young girls, came to these towns to work in the factories. American industry first grew in the Northeast. In the last decades of the 1800s, industrial growth spread to other areas of the nation. This boom was fueled by large supplies of coal, oil, and iron. New inventions, including the electric light also helped. As in Britain, railroad building was also a big part of American industrial growth. Businesses needed huge sums of money to do big projects. To raise money, companies sold stock. Stocks are shares of ownership in a company. All those who held stock were part owners of the company. This form of business organization is called a corporation.

Industrialization Spreads Directions: As you read, circle unfamiliar vocabulary, underline key ideas, and comment on the information presented. Continental Europe Industrializes Where did industrialization begin in Continental Europe? Industrial growth also spread from England to the European continent. Belgium was the first to industrialize. It was rich in iron and coal and had good waterways. Germany was divided politically until the late 1800s. As a result, it did not develop much industry at first. However, the Ruhr Valley in Western Germany was rich in coal. The Ruhr Valley eventually became a leading industrial region. Across Europe, small areas began to change to the new industries. Industrial growth did not occur in France until after 1830. It was helped by the government’s construction of a large network of railroads. Some countries, such as Austria-Hungary and Spain, faced transportation problems that held them back from industrializing. The Impact of Industrialization How did industrialization change the world? The Industrial Revolution changed the world. Countries that industrialized gained more wealth and power than those that did not. The countries of Europe soon began to take advantage of lands in Africa and Asia. The Europeans wanted to use these lands as sources of raw materials for their factories. European merchants saw the people on other continents as little more than markets for European goods. The European nations took control of the lands in many areas of the world outside of Europe. This practice is called imperialism. The Industrial Revolution that took place in the 1700s and 1800s changed life forever in the countries that industrialized. Problems caused by industrialization let to movements for social reform.

Industrialization Spreads Standards Alignment Reading Text Analytical Questions Response Sheets

Standards Alignment California State Standards for Grade 10 • 10.3 Students analyze the effects of the Industrial Revolution in England, France, Germany, Japan, and the United States. – 1. Analyze why England was the first country to industrialize. – 2. Examine how scientific and technological changes and new forms of energy brought about massive social, economic, and cultural change (e.g., the inventions and discoveries of James Watt, Eli Whitney, Henry Bessemer, Louis Pasteur, Thomas Edison). – 3. Describe the growth of population, rural to urban migration, and growth of cities associated with the Industrial Revolution. – 4. Trace the evolution of work and labor, including the demise of the slave trade and the effects of immigration, mining and manufacturing, division of labor, and the union movement. – 5. Understand the connections among natural resources, entrepreneurship, labor, and capital in an industrial economy. Common Core Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students: – RH 1 - Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources, attending to such features as the date and origin of the information. – RH 2 - Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of how key events or ideas develop over the course of the text. – RH 3 - Analyze in detail a series of events described in a text; determine whether earlier events caused later ones or simply preceded them. – RH 4 - Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary describing political, social, or economic aspects of history/social studies. – RH 5 - Analyze how a text uses structure to emphasize key points or advance an explanation or analysis. Common Core Writing Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students: – WHST 1 - Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content. • c. Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims. – WHST 4 - Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. – WHST 9 - Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.

Industrialization Spreads

Industrial Development in the United States How did industrialization begin in the United States? Other countries began to industrialize after Great Britain. The United States was one of the first. Like Britain, the United States had a great deal of coal and water to create power. There was also plenty of iron. In addition, the immigrants that came to the United States created a large supply of workers. The United States also benefited from conflict with Britain. During the War of 1812, Britain stopped shipping goods to the United States. As a result, American industries began to make many of the goods that Americans wanted. In 1813, a group of Massachusetts investors built textile factories in Waltham, Massachusetts. Just a few years later they built even more factories in the Massachusetts town of Lowell. Thousands of workers, mostly young girls, came to these towns to work in the factories. American industry first grew in the Northeast. In the last decades of the 1800s, industrial growth spread to other areas of the nation. This boom was fueled by large supplies of coal, oil, and iron. New inventions, including the electric light also helped. As in Britain, railroad building was also a big part of American industrial growth. Businesses needed huge sums of money to do big projects. To raise money, companies sold stock. Stocks are shares of ownership in a company. All those who held stock were part owners of the company. This form of business organization is called a corporation.

Continental Europe Industrializes Where did industrialization begin in Continental Europe? Industrial growth also spread from England to the European continent. Belgium was the first to industrialize. It was rich in iron and coal and had good waterways. Germany was divided politically until the late 1800s. As a result, it did not develop much industry at first. However, the Ruhr Valley in Western Germany was rich in coal. The Ruhr Valley eventually became a leading industrial region. Across Europe, small areas began to change to the new industries. Industrial growth did not occur in France until after 1830. It was helped by the government’s construction of a large network of railroads. Some countries, such as Austria-Hungary and Spain, faced transportation problems that held them back from industrializing. The Impact of Industrialization How did industrialization change the world? The Industrial Revolution changed the world. Countries that industrialized gained more wealth and power than those that did not. The countries of Europe soon began to take advantage of lands in Africa and Asia. The Europeans wanted to use these lands as sources of raw materials for their factories. European merchants saw the people on other continents as little more than markets for European goods. The European nations took control of the lands in many areas of the world outside of Europe. This practice is called imperialism. The Industrial Revolution that took place in the 1700s and 1800s changed life forever in the countries that industrialized. Problems caused by industrialization let to movements for social reform.

Reading Questions 1. How did industrialization begin in the United States? _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 2. Which nations industrialized first, and why? _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 3. How did industrialization lead to imperialism? _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 4. What other consequences of industrialization are there? _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________

Industrialization Spreads - Reading Questions

• non How did industrialization begin in the United States?

Which nations industrialized first, and why?

How did industrialization lead to imperialism?

What other consequences of industrialization are there?

Industrialization Spreads Text and Text Dependent Questions

Standards Alignment Text with Questions

Standards Alignment California State Standards for Grade 10 • 10.3 Students analyze the effects of the Industrial Revolution in England, France, Germany, Japan, and the United States. – 1. Analyze why England was the first country to industrialize. – 2. Examine how scientific and technological changes and new forms of energy brought about massive social, economic, and cultural change (e.g., the inventions and discoveries of James Watt, Eli Whitney, Henry Bessemer, Louis Pasteur, Thomas Edison). – 3. Describe the growth of population, rural to urban migration, and growth of cities associated with the Industrial Revolution. – 4. Trace the evolution of work and labor, including the demise of the slave trade and the effects of immigration, mining and manufacturing, division of labor, and the union movement. – 5. Understand the connections among natural resources, entrepreneurship, labor, and capital in an industrial economy. •

Common Core Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students: – RH 1 - Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources, attending to such features as the date and origin of the information. – RH 2 - Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of how key events or ideas develop over the course of the text. – RH 3 - Analyze in detail a series of events described in a text; determine whether earlier events caused later ones or simply preceded them. – RH 4 - Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary describing political, social, or economic aspects of history/social studies. – RH 5 - Analyze how a text uses structure to emphasize key points or advance an explanation or analysis.

•

Common Core Writing Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students: – WHST 1 - Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content. • c. Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims. – WHST 4 - Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. – WHST 9 - Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.

Industrialization Spreads Directions: Answer the text dependent questions as you read. Industrial Development in the United States How did industrialization begin in the United States? Other countries began to industrialize after Great Britain. The United States was one of the first. Like Britain, the United States had a great deal of coal and water to create power. There was also plenty of iron. In addition, the immigrants that came to the United States created a large supply of workers. The United States also benefited from conflict with Britain. During the War of 1812, Britain stopped shipping goods to the United States. As a result, American industries began to make many of the goods that Americans wanted. In 1813, a group of Massachusetts investors built textile factories in Waltham, Massachusetts. Just a few years later they built even more factories in the Massachusetts town of Lowell. Thousands of workers, mostly young girls, came to these towns to work in the factories. American industry first grew in the Northeast. In the last decades of the 1800s, industrial growth spread to other areas of the nation. This boom was fueled by large supplies of coal, oil, and iron. New inventions, including the electric light also helped. As in Britain, railroad building was also a big part of American industrial growth. Businesses needed huge sums of money to do big projects. To raise money, companies sold stock. Stocks are shares of ownership in a company. All those who held stock were part owners of the company. This form of business organization is called a corporation.

Why was the United States able to industrialize do quickly?

States?

How did the War of 1812 help the United

What occurred in Massachusetts that spurred the textile industry in the United States?

What fueled growth in the United States?

Explain the development corporations.

Industrialization Spreads Directions: Answer the text dependent questions as you read. Continental Europe Industrializes Where did industrialization begin in Continental Europe? Industrial growth also spread from England to the European continent. Belgium was the first to industrialize. It was rich in iron and coal and had good waterways. Germany was divided politically until the late 1800s. As a result, it did not develop much industry at first. However, the Ruhr Valley in Western Germany was rich in coal. The Ruhr Valley eventually became a leading industrial region. Across Europe, small areas began to change to the new industries. Industrial growth did not occur in France until after 1830. It was helped by the government’s construction of a large network of railroads. Some countries, such as Austria-Hungary and Spain, faced transportation problems that held them back from industrializing. The Impact of Industrialization How did industrialization change the world? The Industrial Revolution changed the world. Countries that industrialized gained more wealth and power than those that did not. The countries of Europe soon began to take advantage of lands in Africa and Asia. The Europeans wanted to use these lands as sources of raw materials for their factories. European merchants saw the people on other continents as little more than markets for European goods. The European nations took control of the lands in many areas of the world outside of Europe. This practice is called imperialism. The Industrial Revolution that took place in the 1700s and 1800s changed life forever in the countries that industrialized. Problems caused by industrialization let to movements for social reform.

Why did Belgium industrialize?

What prevented growth in Germany? How did that change and where?

How did the French government promote industrialization?

Why did other countries have difficulty industrializing? Where were they?

What was key in industrializing that Europe needed?

Where did Europe look to build their industrialization?

What did the need for resources lead to globally?

What problems of industrialization caused social reform?

Industrialization Spreads Dialectical Journal

Standards Alignment Quotes Analysis Guide Text quotes with student directions

Standards Alignment California State Standards for Grade 10 • 10.3 Students analyze the effects of the Industrial Revolution in England, France, Germany, Japan, and the United States.

– – – – –

1. Analyze why England was the first country to industrialize. 2. Examine how scientific and technological changes and new forms of energy brought about massive social, economic, and cultural change (e.g., the inventions and discoveries of James Watt, Eli Whitney, Henry Bessemer, Louis Pasteur, Thomas Edison). 3. Describe the growth of population, rural to urban migration, and growth of cities associated with the Industrial Revolution. 4. Trace the evolution of work and labor, including the demise of the slave trade and the effects of immigration, mining and manufacturing, division of labor, and the union movement. 5. Understand the connections among natural resources, entrepreneurship, labor, and capital in an industrial economy.

•

Common Core Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students: – RH 2 - Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of how key events or ideas develop over the course of the text. – RH 3 - Analyze in detail a series of events described in a text; determine whether earlier events caused later ones or simply preceded them. – RH 4 - Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary describing political, social, or economic aspects of history/social studies. – RH 5 - Analyze how a text uses structure to emphasize key points or advance an explanation or analysis. – RH 8 - Assess the extent to which the reasoning and evidence in a text support the author’s claims.

•

Common Core Writing Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students: – WHST 1 - Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content. • a. Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that establishes clear relationships among the claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence. • c. Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims. – WHST 2 - Write informative/explanatory texts, including the narration of historical events, scientific procedures/ experiments, or technical processes. • b. Develop the topic with well-chosen, relevant, and sufficient facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience’s knowledge of the topic. • c. Use varied transitions and sentence structures to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts. • d. Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to manage the complexity of the topic and convey a style appropriate to the discipline and context as well as to the expertise of likely readers. – WHST 4 - Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. – WHST 9 - Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.

Read to Analyze Quotes The purpose of a dialectical journal is to analyze significant quotes from the text to make authentic connections between the text and other related concepts. After reading the quote and locating it in the document, write a response that shows your ability to question, analyze, interpret, evaluate, reflect, or predict. Response Starters to help start journal feedback: – Asking Questions • I wonder why… • What if… • How come… – Revising Meaning/Analyzing • At first I thought, but now I… • My latest thought about this is… • I’m getting a different picture here because… – Forming Interpretations • What this means to me is… • I think this represents… • The idea I’m getting is… – Evaluating • I like/don’t like… • This could be more effective if… • The most important message is… – Reflecting and Relating • So, the big idea is… • A conclusion I’m drawing is… • This is relevant to my life because… – Predicting • I’ll bet that… • I think… • If, then…

Industrialization Spreads - Dialectical Journal Quote from Reading:

- “Like Britain, the United States had a great deal of coal and water to create power. There was also plenty of iron. In addition, the immigrants that came to the United States created a large supply of workers.” - “During the War of 1812, Britain stopped shipping goods to the United States. As a result, American industries began to make many of the goods that Americans wanted.” - “In 1813, a group of Massachusetts investors built textile factories in Waltham, Massachusetts. Just a few years later they built even more factories in the Massachusetts town of Lowell. Thousands of workers, mostly young girls, came to these towns to work in the factories.” - “In the last decades of the 1800s, industrial growth spread to other areas of the nation. This boom was fueled by large supplies of coal, oil, and iron.” - “New inventions, including the electric light also helped. As in Britain, railroad building was also a big part of American industrial growth.” - “To raise money, companies sold stock. Stocks are shares of ownership in a company. All those who held stock were part owners of the company. This form of business organization is called a corporation.”

Student Response (Question, Analyze, Interpret, Evaluate, Reflect, Predict)

Industrialization Spreads - Dialectical Journal Quote from Reading:

- “Belgium was the first to industrialize on the European continent. It was rich in iron and coal and had good waterways.” - “The Ruhr Valley in Western Germany was rich in coal. The Ruhr Valley eventually became a leading industrial region.” - “Industrial growth did not occur in France until after 1830. It was helped by the government’s construction of a large network of railroads. - “Some countries, such as Austria-Hungary and Spain, faced transportation problems that held them back from industrializing.” - “Countries that industrialized gained more wealth and power than those that did not. The countries of Europe soon began to take advantage of lands in Africa and Asia.” - “The Europeans wanted to use these lands as sources of raw materials for their factories. European merchants saw the people on other continents as little more than markets for European goods. - “The European nations took control of the lands in many areas of the world outside of Europe. This practice is called imperialism.” - “Problems caused by industrialization let to movements for social reform.”

Student Response (Question, Analyze, Interpret, Evaluate, Reflect, Predict)

Industrialization Spreads

Text Summary Worksheet with student directions

Standards Alignment California State Standards for Grade 10 • 10.3 Students analyze the effects of the Industrial Revolution in England, France, Germany, Japan, and the United States. – 1. Analyze why England was the first country to industrialize. – 2. Examine how scientific and technological changes and new forms of energy brought about massive social, economic, and cultural change (e.g., the inventions and discoveries of James Watt, Eli Whitney, Henry Bessemer, Louis Pasteur, Thomas Edison). – 3. Describe the growth of population, rural to urban migration, and growth of cities associated with the Industrial Revolution. – 4. Trace the evolution of work and labor, including the demise of the slave trade and the effects of immigration, mining and manufacturing, division of labor, and the union movement. – 5. Understand the connections among natural resources, entrepreneurship, labor, and capital in an industrial economy. Common Core Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students: – RH 1 - Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources, attending to such features as the date and origin of the information. – RH 2 - Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of how key events or ideas develop over the course of the text. – RH 4 - Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary describing political, social, or economic aspects of history/social studies. Common Core Writing Standards for Literacy in History/Social Science for Grades 9 & 10 Students: – WHST 1 - Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content. • c. Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims. – WHST 4 - Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. – WHST 5 - Develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience. – WHST 9 - Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.

Industrialization Spreads

Directions: As you read the text, take notes on how, where, and why industrialization began in other countries.

United States

Belgium

Germany

Spread of Industrialization

France

Industrialization Spreads

Directions: As you read the text, take notes on how, where, and why industrialization began in other countries.

United States

Belgium

Germany

Spread of Industrialization

France