International Politics on the World Stage

January 6, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Social Science, Political Science, International Relations
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International Politics on the World Stage

WORLD POLITICS INTERNATIONAL POLITICS ON THE WORLD STAGE ******** International Politics

International Politics on the World Stage

The Evolving World system:

3)

1)

The world is more than just the sum of its parts

2)

World politics is more than just the sum of the individual interactions among the parts

There are general patterns of interactions among the parts (the system´s actors)

International Politics on the World Stage

Greece and Rome ”From tribal communities to city-states and empires” Ethnicity - Religion - Territory Sovereignty ….. ”Politics” (Aristotle) = a system of government based on law

International Politics on the World Stage

Local authority in the Middle Ages Feudalism

Decline of the feudal system: Advances in military technology ; Economic expansion – improved trade

Overarching authority in the Middle Ages Religious

Secular

Decline of universalistic authority: Effects of the Renaissance period + the Protestant Reformation + the Treaty of Westphalia (the State = dominant actor)

International Politics on the World Stage

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IMPERIALISM A MULTIPOLAR INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM BALANCE OF POWER

International Politics on the World Stage

Growing tensions in the multi-polar/multiethnic system *NATIONALISM *WARS AND THEIR EFFECTS The Cold War and the Bi-Polar System After the Cold War = One Hegemon or …?

International Politics on the World Stage

Global Economics and Security in the 21st Century • Economic interdependence/disparities • Human Rights • The Environment • Military Technology (WoM)

International Politics on the World Stage

REALISM and LIBERALISM Two Theories of International Relations

*Human nature *Main cause of Conflict

*Conflict in IR *Analytical focus *Role of states

Realist Pessimist Aggressive human nature + failure of great states to use their power wisely Inevitable States (leaders) Core/Nat interests

Liberal Optimist National greed + insecurity due to anarchy + few restraints on power Not inevitable States + Int Org + Int Norms Central but will diminish in favor of Int Org

International Politics on the World Stage

Realist *Policy prescriptions Pursue self interest Expand power *Key concepts Power, self-interest, anarchy, BoP *Morality State and indiv morality not the same State obliged to guarrantee safety and wellfare of its citizens *Means to achieve Promote power of Goals own state

Liberal Create norms of justice and peace, promote dem Cooperation, int norms, peace, justice, democracy State and indiv morality the same

Create int norms, build Int Orgs, provide justice and econ dev for all

International Politics on the World Stage

Three Levels of Analysis 1) Systems level 2) State level 3) Individual level ********************* Vertical and Horizontal Authority Structures

International Politics on the World Stage

The Actors • States • Intergovernmental Organizations • Transnational Organizations • Corporations active in the World Market • Transnational Corporations

International Politics on the World Stage

Factors which affect ”Actor Power”

• Territory • Population (size, homogeneity,…) • Political stability • Economic resources • Natural resources • Military resources • Technological level/Industrial capacity • Level of citizens´ living standard • External actors, Membership in Alliances • …….

International Politics on the World Stage

State authority challenged by: • Internal opposition - minority groups (alternative governance) - organized econ/pol interests - guerilla/terrorist groups • External actors - ”Big powers” - Alliances - International organizations (int law) - Popular movements (HR, Environ)

International Politics on the World Stage

State Foreign Policy Goals • Security • Economy/Living standard • Ideology ****************** International/transnational organization goals Company goals

International Politics on the World Stage

Foreign policy means • Diplomacy – Negotiations • Military • Economic • Psychological

International Politics on the World Stage

Restricting factors • International law (Courts/Tribunals) • International agreements • Alliances • Effective channels for world-wide communication/negotiation • Increased transnationalization • Democratic governance • Extended resources for conflict prevention and conflict management

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