IPM of Rose Pests - American Rose Society

January 31, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Science, Biology, Zoology, Entomology
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IPM OF ROSE PESTS Baldo Villegas Entomologist; ARS Master Rosarian Sacramento, CA USDA (Zone 8/9) EMail: [email protected] Home Page: http://www.sactorose.org/

An America Rose Society Presentation ©2005

INTRODUCTION There

are many different types of organisms (insects, mites, diseases) in the home garden Very few are pests! Many beneficial organisms are present Correct identification of the pest is essential for proper control

SOURCES OF INFORMATION   

 

Universities – UC, State, Community Colleges Cooperative Extension Offices State Department of Agriculture County Department of Agriculture Local Nurseries – CA Nursery Association

SOURCES OF INFORMATION (cont.)   

Libraries Internet Private Sector 1. Local Nurseries especially members of the CA Nursery Association 2. Pesticide & Landscape Outlets 3. Pest Control Advisors (PCA’s) 4. Private Horticulture Experts

BALDO’S FAVORITE INTERNET IPM SITES http://www.sactorose.org

- Baldo’s Bugs &

Roses Website http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu - UC IPM Online http://entnemdept.ifas.ufl.edu/publicat.htm University of Florida – Entomology & Nematology Publications http://www.apsnet.org - The American Phytopathological Society

IPM REFERENCE BOOKS 

Dreistadt, Steve H. 1995. Pests of Landscape Trees and Shrubs. University of California. DANR Publication 3359. Oakland, CA 327p. ISBN#: 1-879906-18-X. 3Price $32.



Flint, Mary Louise. 1990. Pests of the Garden and Small Farm - A Grower’s Guide to Using Less Pesticide. University of California. DANR Publication 3332. Oakland, CA 276p. ISBN#: 0-931876-89-3. Price $25.



Cranshaw, Whitney. 1992. Pests of the West - Prevention and Control for Today’s Garden and Small Farm. Fulcrum Publishing, Golden, Colorado, 275p. ISBN#: 1-55591-097-1. Excellent book for IPM in North America at a very reasonable price! Price $18.95.



Davidson, R. H. and William F. Lyon. 1987. Insect Pests of Farm, Garden and Orchard, 8th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, NY, 556p.

IPM REFERENCE BOOKS (cont.) 

Essig, E. O. 1926. Insects of Western North America. The MacMillan Company, NY, 1035p. This book has been out of print for many years. It is the best Book around for insect biologies for western insects.



Horst, Kenneth R. 1983. Compendium of Rose Diseases. APS Press, The American Phytophathological Society. St. Paul MN, 50p. Best book for rose diseases! Order: The American Phytophathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road, St. Paul, MN 55121, USA. ISBN#: 0-89054-052-7. Price - $35.



Johnson, Warren T. and Howard H. Lyon. 1988. Insects that Feed on Trees and Shrubs,, 2nd edition, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, 556p. ISBN#: 0-8014-2108-X. One of the best books for ornamental pests in North America. Price $50.

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM)

IPM is an environmentally sound integration of all control methods to control pest populations below economic or damaging levels

IPM STRATEGIES Prevention Pest

& Symptom Identification Regular Survey for Pests (presence or symptoms) Establish Action Thresholds & Guidelines

IPM METHODS Cultural

Control Mechanical & Physical Control Biological Control Chemical Control

CULTURAL CONTROL Growing

healthy plants Buying pest-free plant materials Choosing resistant varieties Choosing the planting site Fertilization - too much or too little Sanitation - removal of infected plant materials Watering methods

MECHANICAL & PHYSICAL  Barriers

- e.g., copper banding for snails/slugs  Mulching - for weed control & water conservation  Solarization - for control of weeds and diseases  Hosing & Syringing - for control of aphids, mites, & powdery mildew  Handpicking & Crushing - for many large insects and beetles  Hoeing - for weed control Trapping - e.g., pheromone traps for tobacco budworms

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Parasites

(Parasitoids) - e.g., parasitic wasps & flies Predators - e.g., lady beetles & lacewings Diseases - e.g., milky spore for Japanese Beetle, beneficial nematodes, etc.

CHEMICAL CONTROL  Inorganic

Pesticides - Derived from elemental sources:

Sulfur  Organic Pesticides - Synthetic pesticides further classified by chemical families and modes of action.  Botanical Pesticides - Derived from plant materials: Pyrethrum, rotenone, rynia, bioneem, pepper oil, etc.  Microbial Pesticides - Derived from microbial organisms: Bacillus thuringienses

SIGNAL WORDS These words give information on the relative toxicity and corrosiveness of the pesticide  POISON:

Highly Toxic - Nicotine Sulfate  DANGER: Highly Toxic - Funginex (Triforine) WARNING: Moderately Toxic - Roundup  CAUTION: Slightly Toxic - many botanicals & microbial pesticides

Garden Insecticides - Systemics

Insecticides – Contact - Residual

Insecticides – Contact – No Residue

Insecticides - Microbal

WHO DID THIS DAMAGE?

Aphids

Aphid Natural Enemies Aphis Wasp

Dead Aphid From Aphid Wasp

Lady Beetle

More Aphid Natural Enemies Lacewing Adult

Cecidomyiid Midge Larva

Cecidomyiid Midge Adult

Lacewing Larva

Lacewing Eggs

Sooty Mold – usually grows on top of honeydew produced by sucking insects

Ants – commonly found on honeydew produced by sucking insects

Mealybugs

Whiteflies

Rose Scale – common on berry bushes

San Jose Scale – common on fruit trees

Scale Insect Natural Enemies Red Scale Wasp (Aphytis melinus)

Red Scale Wasp Larva On Scale

Spittlebugs – unsightly “spit” or foam

Spider Mites – suck individual cells dry

Two-Spotted Spider Mites

Flower Thrips – very tiny insects! Commonly found causing damage to rose petals

Western Flower Thrips

Rose Midge – tiny mosquito like flies, feeds on the apical buds of roses

Katydids – long horned grasshoppers

Snails & Slugs – leave a silvery slime trail behind

Control Measures For Snails Baldo Squish

Copper Band

Diabrotica or Cucumber Beetles

Rose Curculios – feeds on early flower buds

Rose Curculio – damage to buds

Other Beetles: Hoplia, Japanese beetles, Stem girdlers, etc.

Fruit Tree Leafroller Caterpillars

Tobacco Budworms - commonly migrate from companion plantings

Marmara Cambium Miners

Bristly Rose Slug – skeletonizes leaves

European Rose Slug – skeletonizes leaves

Rose Stem Sawfly Damage on Rose

Rose Stem Boring Sawfly Aka – Raspberry Stem Boring Sawfly

Cane Boring Insects

Predatory aphid wasp

Most cane boring insects are predaceous on other insects and use rose stems for nesting

Cynipid Gall Wasps – cause galls on leaves, stems & roots

Leafcutter Bees – do not eat leaves; they use them for lining nests

Learn To Recognize The Good Bugs Of The Garden Lady Beetle Larva Parasitized Aphid – A “Mummy”

Leatherwinged Beetle

Ground Beetle

Scale Feeding Lady Beetle Larvae, Pupae & Adult

Lady Beetle Pupae

Mealybug Destroyer Lady Beetle Larvae

Watch out for the Lady Beetles!

Beneficial Hover Fly - larvae look like caterpillars but they are not!

Baldo’s Squish Technique

The Squish Technique – works on other organisms

IPM IN THE HOME GARDEN Establish

damage levels for your own

garden Make observations and record them Correctly identify the pest Take the appropriate action; sometimes the appropriate action is no action

The End

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