IPN-ISRAEL WATER WEEK
Nitrogen Removal from Yamuna River (India) using MBBR – Pilot Summary Keren Nof Presented by: Ramiro Garza September 2014
Introduction Aqwise Technology Material and Methods Results and Discussion Summary and Conclusions Questions
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Introduction
River Water Pollution River Water Pollution – How? − Due to fast urbanization and industrial growth – without appropriate infrastructure for wastewater treatment
The problem − Threat to Natural Environment and human health − Odor problems − High Nitrate – Blue baby syndrome
Algae Bloom
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Case Study: Surface Water Treatment HIGHLIGHTS • Customer: Municipality of Agra • Location: Yamuna River, Agra, India • Capacity: 163,000 m3/d
REQUIREMENTS • Need to provide safe drinking water for population of 2 million people
SOLUTION • Cost-efficient surface water treatment • AGAR® MBBR and UF membrane polishing • Adaptive to variable loads
River Water Treatment - Agra, India Secondary effluent from WWTP’s was discharged into the river for years resulting in elevated levels of soluble pollutants (BOD, TAN and NO3) Proprietary and confidential
Nitrogen Compounds Removal Technologies Physico-chemical methods
Main Disadvantages:
− Ion-Exchange (IX)
Product brine
− Reverse Osmosis (RO)
Membrane: Scaling & Fouling
− Electrodialysis (ED)
Biological methods
Advantages:
− Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS)
Cost effective
− Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR)
Environmental friendly
− Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR)
Nitrogen gas, N2 → Harmless
− Moving Bed Bio-Reactor (MBBR) Proprietary and confidential
Pilot Plant After the technology was selected a scaled down pilot (100m3/day) was operated for a year
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Aqwise Technology
MBBR Technology Free-Floating polyethylene media (Aqwise Biomass Carriers)
Moving Bed Biological Reactor
AGAR® MBBR Solutions Simple, single-through process Reduces soluble pollutants with minimal process complexity Requires a significantly smaller footprint
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Innovation That Works Aqwise Biomass Carriers protect biofilm against abrasion and ensure mass transfer efficiency Recycled, high-density polyethylene
Optimal oxygen and nutrients transfer
Highly open external design
Applicable for various biological processes
> 650 m2/m3 Effective surface area Proprietary and confidential
Customer Benefits /
SMALL FOOTPRINT
DURBLE & STABLE
Suitable for both new applications and existing plant upgrades.
Highly resistant to hydraulic shock loads with short recovery time after toxic loads.
COST EFFICIENT
LOW MAINTENANCE
Requires minimal civil works, short project life cycle and lower Capex/Opex.
Simple maintenance and low operational costs.
SCALABLE & FLEXIBLE
ECO FRIENDLY
Smooth upgrade or gradual expansion based on just-in-time investment.
Recycled materials, less land usage, no scenery obstruction and less sludge.
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Materials and Methods
System Description The system consists the following treatment units
Pretreatment units: fine screen (5mm) and tube settler Moving Bed Bio Reactor (MBBR) Ultrafiltration for solids separation Chlorination External carbon Mixer
Mixer
TubeSettler
UF
Disinfection
Inlet
Effluent
Air
Stage 1 Aerobic
Stage 2 Aerobic
Stage 3 Deox
Stage 4 Anoxic
Schematic pilot plant flow diagram
Stage 5 Aerobic
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Design Data Influent Characteristics
Parameter Design Temperature COD BOD5 TSS TAN Nitrate as N Nitrite as N
Unit °C mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l
Inlet to the MBBR 15/30 99 29 34 17.95 5.1 0.7
Effluent Requirements
Parameter TAN Nitrate as N
Unit mg/l mg/l
Value 1.65 9.0 Proprietary and confidential
Sampling Procedure Grab samples were taken daily from each of the following sampling points: raw river water, tube-settler, MBBR stages, membrane filtration effluent and final effluent following chlorination. Each of the sampling point was analyzed for pH, temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), TAN, nitrate (NO3), nitrite (NO2), soluble COD, TSS and alkalinity
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Results
Water Characteristics Water temperature
Average 14°C Min. 13°C
Average 31.9°C Max. 34.6°C Proprietary and confidential
Temperature Effect TAN removal
Average TAN effluent: 0.1±0.04 to 1.5±1.5mg/l
91 - 94% removal
97 - 99% removal Proprietary and confidential
Temperature Effect Nitrate removal
Average Nitrate influent: 2.2 mg/l; after stages 1&2: 6.7 mg/l
Average Nitrate effluent: 4.3 mg/l < 9 mg/l
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Evaluation of each stage MBBR stage 1 & 2
(Aerobic
)
Removal Rates (RR) across the aerobic stages ranged between 0.45 to 2.6 gNH4/m2/d
Relatively high removal rates in both aerobic stages emphasize the importance and the need of two aerobic stages in sequence
TAN effluent still above the required value Additional aerobic stage is required
Although nitrification was the major mechanism for ammonia removal, about 0.04-0.96 mg/l TAN was assimilated to bacteria cells in each aerobic stage (about 1% to 14%). Proprietary and confidential
Evaluation of each stage MBBR stage 3
(Deox
)
For reduction of DO concentration
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Evaluation of each stage MBBR stage 3
(Deox
In order to ensure anoxic conditions, the addition of ethanol was required
The Deox stage was not suitable for denitrification but
)
allowed good conditions for the following anoxic stage
0.5-1.0 mg/l Ammonia was assimilated in to the cells
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Evaluation of each stage MBBR stage 4
(Anoxic
)
Removal Rates (RR) across the anoxic stage are below 1 gNO3/m2/d, despite:
Low DO concentration
High C:N ratio
Nitrite may disturb nitrate measurements (influent 0.1-5.0 mg/l)
In order to prove this assumption, the denitrification was calculated based on the change in the Alkalinity values
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Evaluation of each stage MBBR stage 4
(Anoxic
)
Higher nitrate removal should be obtained
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Evaluation of each stage MBBR stage 5
(Aerobic
)
Stage 5 was designed in order to reduce the residual carbon source and ensure final removal of ammonia
Relatively low COD and TAN removal ; during the warmer months COD and ammonia inlet concentrations were lower due to high activity in the previous stages
Assimilation was the main mechanism for TAN removal
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Summary & Conclusions
Aqwise – Clear and Simple The system can consistently produce high drinking water quality, reducing pollutants levels to below the required concentrations The nitrification- denitrification processes were able to cope very well with the changes in the contaminants concentration in the water (temperature range between 13.0 to 34.6°C) Proprietary and confidential
Questions ?
Anoxic stage
Aerobic stage
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Contact Information Contact us for further information about Aqwise solutions
Keren Nof Senior Process Engineer
Email
Telephone
Website
[email protected]
+972-9-9591901
www.aqwise.com
