Lecture on Monroe Doctrine

Monroe Doctrine US History

Prior to Presidency of Monroe Embargo Act, you say? The United States’ attempt to change the policies of • Foreign policy of the US was the European powers by economic means.

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neutral.

Washington’s Proclamation In 1807, after –the British ship Leopard fired of on the Neutrality (1793) American frigate CHESAPEAKE, Jefferson – Washington’s urged and Congress passedFarewell an EMBARGO ACT. • It banned all–American shipsEmbargo from foreign Jefferson’s Acttrade. (1807) QuickTime™ and a TIFF(Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see thi s picture.

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Result: The embargo failed to change British and French • 1812 WarNew was exception policies but devastated England shipping. Later and – Warmeasures hawks were sought in weaker economic alsoexpansion unsuccessful.

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Canada.

Under Monroe • James Monroe’s Presidency (1817-1825). QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.

– He establishes a major foreign policy precedent that guides foreign policy throughout the 19th century: • The Monroe Doctrine.

– How did it happen?

Monroe Doctrine Origin • 1823 Imperial Russia intruded on US’s Pacific territorial claims in Oregon region. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.

– At the same time….

• Alliance of European powers (Austria, France, Prussia, Russia) sought to reclaim Latin American QuickTime™ and a colonies that TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor declared independence during the are needed to seeWars. this picture. Napoleonic

In response… • Monroe’s Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams, urged Monroe to warn Europe – not to continue to colonize the Western Hemisphere. – In exchange, the US would not interfere with existing colonies – AND the US would remain neutral in Euro affairs.

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Monroe Doctrine promulgated • Monroe outlined this foreign policy in his 1823 December message to Congress.

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Did it work? • Britain backed Monroe. – They wanted to keep its trade with the new American republics flourishing. – It successfully discouraged the European alliance.

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George Canning, GB For Min

Could it have been enforced? • It is unlikely that the US in the early 19th century could enforce it. – Very small navy! – Without Britain’s help, it would not have worked.

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