Middle & New Kingdom Main Idea Middle kingdom was period of

Middle & New Kingdom

Main Idea 

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Middle kingdom was period of stable government between periods of disorder

The New Kingdom, Egyptian trade & military power reached their peak, but Egyptians greatness did not last Work and daily life were different for of Egypt's social classes.

Middle Kingdom 

End of old kingdom in 2200 B.C

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Mentuhoteps's rise to power 

Middle Kingdom: a period of order and stability that lasted until about 1750 BC

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Problems:

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internal Invasion: Hyksos  

Used chariots, iron weapons Lower Egypt (200 years)

New Kingdom 

Beginning 18th Dynasty 

Ahmose (pharaoh or king)

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Declared king of all of Egypt

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Defeated Hyksos

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New Kingdom: Egypt reached the height of its power & glory last from 1150-1050

Building Empire 

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Control Invasion routes 

Hyksos

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Syria

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Eastern shore of Mediterranean

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Kingdom of Kush

Became leading military power 

Ruled from Euphrates to Nubia

Trade 

Trade expanded 

Trade routes: paths followed by traders

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Queen Hatshepsut  

Sent traders to Greece, Punt, & Asia Minor $ spent on buildings & arts

Trade 

What did they trade?

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Turquoise, copper –

Sinai Peninsula

Invasions 

Ramses the Great 

Fought Hittites  

Signed a peace treaty Allies

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Tehenu

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Sea Peoples 

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Lost Asia

New Kingdom ended •

Violence, invasion, disorder

Daily Life & Work •

Scribes

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Artisans

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Artists

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Architects

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Soldiers

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Farmers & Peasant

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Slaves

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Family live

Scribes 

Worked for 

Government

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Temples

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Did not pay taxes

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Became wealthy

Artisans, Artist, Architects 

Artisans : advanced skills 

Sculptors, builders, carpenters, jewelers, metal workers, leather workers

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Worked for  

Government temples

Soldiers 

Rise in status

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Land as payment

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Keep treasure taken during war

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Promotions to officers

Farmers & Peasants 

Most of population

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Prepared the land for farming 

Harvested

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Gave crops to pharaoh 

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Taxes

Special duties 

Building pyramids, mining gold, fighting wars

Slaves 

Had some legal rights 

Could earn freedom

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Farming, building projects, household work

Family Life 

Own home

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Married young

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Women had some legal rights

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Own property or divorce husbands

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Jobs: priestess, artisans, administrators

Children played games & went to school