Name: Mods: Textile Industry: the First Example of Industrialization

Name: Mods: Textile Industry: the First Example of Industrialization & Invention of New Machines-Note Guide Objective: I can prove industrialization had social, political, and economic effects on Western Europe and the World. Textile Industry: the First Example of Industrialization  England had long been the center of ______________ _________________  Traditionally, British textiles were produced through the ____________-_____ ____________.  Craftspeople in rural areas spun flax (linen) into fiber (thread) at home.  The fiber was then transported by merchants to other craftspeople who wove the fiber into fabric.  Because the labor was spread out in _______ workers’ __________, the putting-out system did not produce textiles quickly enough to keep pace with rising demand. Invention of New Machines  The putting-out system came to an end with a number of inventions that changed the way textiles were manufactured.  These ___________ led to the creation of the ________ _____________ factories.  In the 18th century, John Kay invented the flying shuttle, which improved a weaving looms.  Traditionally, two people had been needed to work a loom, but the flying shuttle made it possible for one person to do the job.  With the flying shuttle, weavers were able to weave faster than human spinners could spin thread.  In about 1764, James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny, which allowed as many as 16 threads to be spun at once.  With it, spinners were able to catch up with the weavers.  These new machines were placed in special buildings, or _________________.  Now spinners, weavers, and the machines were brought together in one place.  In 1769, Sir Richard Arkwright, an English industrialist, invented the water frame, a large, waterpowered spinning frame that created a strong thread.

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Name: Mods: Textile Industry: the First Example of Industrialization & Invention of New Machines-Note Guide  The spinning mule, invented in 1779 by Samuel Crompton, was a combination of the spinning jenny and the water frame.  The spinning mule made strong, fine fiber.  The Scotsman James Watt’s ___________________ of the coal-powered ____________ engine in 1782 contributed to the growth of the textile industry.  So did Edmund Cartwright’s power loom (1785), which was run by steam power. Effects of Steam Power  Rushing streams and rivers turned the huge wheels that had provided power used by the ___________ factories.  With the ____________-_______________water loom, _____________ factories could be built _______________, not just near sources of water.  The steam engine also contributed to the ____________of steam-powered ________________ in the early 19th century, which allowed _______________ to _________________ goods cheaply _________ distances over land.  England’s __________ industry _________ as the use of the __________ engine __________.  __________ workers were needed to _________ coal and to run __________ powered ________________ in factories and steam ____________ in ___________ and ___________.

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