Participle 李桂华

Participle (分词)

分词的概况 • •

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一 特点 不能做谓语 具有动词的特点： 1）有时态和语态的变化 主动语态 一般式

完成式

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doing

被动语态 being done

having done having been

有宾语和状语，构成分词短语

done

二、现在分词与过去分词的区别 • • •

时间：现在分词表示正在进行的动作 过去分词表示完成的动作 语态：现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示 被 动。 For example :Do you know that swimming girl

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Have you got any used stamps ? rising sun / risen sun falling leaves / fallen leaves boiling water / boiled water

分词的用法

一：作定语 Eg .the sleeping boy / the man standing there the polluted river / clothes made of cotton 二：作表语 Eg . The door remains locked. The wind remains blowing . 有些形容词化的分词：exciting /excited ,interesting /interested worrying / worried , tired / tiring , boring /bored . 三：作宾语补足语 1） 使令性动词（make,have …) 2) 感观动词（hear,see ,find, watch , listen to ,feel …) 3) Keep ,leave ,catch

for example 1) He raised his voice to make himself heard . 2) I’m sorry to have you waiting so long . 3) I often hear this song sung in the street . 4) Can you hear him singing in the next door . 5) Please keep the door closed 6) The policeman caught him stealing 7) The cook was found smoking . 8) The song was heard sung in English .

四 作状语 分词的五种形式都可以作状语。(表示时间、原 因、方式、伴随、结果等） For example : 1) He stood there , talking with him . 2) Hearing the good news , he jumped with joy . 3) Not having received the reply ,he wrote to him again . 4) Seen from the top of the hill , the city looks beautiful . 5) The Chinese team got 28 gold medals , ranking third in the competing countries .

Exercises

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The building ______ (stand ) there is a hospital . The building ______ ( build ) now is a hospital. The building ______ ( build ) last year is a hospital . The building ______ ( build ) next year is a hospital.

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The people who saw the ____ (scare ) flood were very ________ ( scare ) The son was ______ , so his father was very ____ (worry ) When he heard the bad news , a _____ (surprise ) look appeared on his face .

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___ (lead ) by the party , we’ve made great progress . ____ ( repair ) , the machine can’t be used be used now . _____ ( finish ) his work , he sat down to rest . _____ ( live ) here for a long time , he knows it very well . _____ ( miss ) the bus , we had to walk home . ______ ( translate ) into many languages , the book becomes a best-seller (畅销书）

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The teacher came into the classroom ,____ ( follow ) the students . The students _____ (follow ) The husband died , ______ (leave) her two children .