Passenger Transport Mode Shares in World Cities

References

Passenger Transport Mode Shares in World Cities Passenger transport mode share refers to the percentage of passenger journeys or trips by the main mode of transport and is typically reported through travel surveys. Comparing passenger transport mode share across different cities is a challenging task. As travel surveys are typically conducted for long-term strategic planning purpose, such surveys are not conducted frequently and detailed reports are not always published. The situation is further complicated as the surveys are often commissioned by local governments. The geographical areas covered, sampling and interviewing techniques, questionnaire and stratification methods deployed by travel surveys vary greatly in different countries.

analysed together with the historical, social and economic situation of the city.

For example, the definition for a pedestrian trip or a public transport trip may be different in different countries. In cities like Hong Kong, mode share is based on the number of boardings by mode of transport (or journeystages). In most cities, however, mode share is reported on the basis of the number of journeys, which may consist of a series of boardings on different modes of transport and the main mode is reported as the transport mode.

Table 1: List of Selected Cities

Mode share is affected by household incomes, land use patterns, and many other economic and social factors. Therefore, the figures may not be directly comparable. They should be

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The mode share information of some major metropolitan cities in the world is presented. They include the traditionally advanced cities (e.g. London, Paris, New York and Tokyo), newly developed cities (e.g. Hong Kong, Seoul), cities often cited in transport innovations or sustainable transport surveys (e.g. Bogota, Osaka), and emerging megacities (e.g. Shanghai, Bangalore) (Table 1). For cities where mode share information of different geographical coverage is available, the geographical area that is approximately in a similar pattern to Singapore is used (e.g. land area, population density).

Asia Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Beijing, Delhi, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Mumbai, Osaka, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Taipei, Tokyo Australia Melbourne, Sydney Europe Barcelona, Berlin, London, Madrid, Paris, Prague, Rome, Vienna North America Chicago, New York City, Toronto South America Bogota, Curitiba

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References

AHMEDABAD

Figure 1: Mode Share in Ahmedabad

Population: 5.6 million Land area: 281 km2

Paratransit 6%

Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 16% of all journeys.

Cycle 14%

Public transport 16%

Data Sources:

Walk 22%

Census of India 2011 Ministry of Urban Development, 2008. Study on Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India

BANGALORE

Private transport 42%

Figure 2: Mode Share in Bangalore

Population: 8.4 million Land area: 226 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 35% of all journeys.

Cycle 7%

Data Sources:

Public transport 35%

Census of India 2011 Ministry of Urban Development, 2008. Study on Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India

BARCELONA

Private transport 25%

Walk 26%

Paratransit 7%

Figure 3: Mode Share in Barcelona

Population: 1.5 million Land area: 98 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 26% of all journeys.

Private transport 35%

Walk 38%

Data Sources: Urban Transport Benchmarking Initiative Year Three, Annex A1. Common Indicator Report 2006

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Taxi 1%

Public transport 26%

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References

BEIJING1

Figure 4: Mode Share in Beijing

Population: 11.7 million Land area: 1,368 km2

journeys.

Private transport 20%

Walk 21%

Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 23% of all Bus 21%

Data Sources:

Cycle 32%

Beijing Yearbook 2011 Beijing Transport Report 2005 (in Chinese only, 2005 北京 市交通发展年度报告)

BERLIN

Figure 5: Mode Share in Berlin

Population: 3.4 million Land area: 892 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 26% of all journeys.

Cycle 13% Private transport 32% Public transport 26%

Data Sources:

Walk 29%

Berlin Traffic in Figures 2010

BOGOTA

Figure 6: Mode Share in Bogota

Population: 6.8 million Land area: 1,775 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 62% of all journeys.

Private transport 15%

Other 2% Bus & BRT 62%

Data Sources: Travel survey of Bogota and the Region 2008 (in Spanish only, Observatorio de Movilidad de Bogotá y la Región, Camara de Comercio de Bogotá), Colombia

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Others 3%

Rail 2% Taxi 1%

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Cycle 2%

Walk 15%

Taxi 4%

References

CHICAGO

Figure 7: Mode Share in Chicago

Population: 2.7 million Land area: 589 km2

Rail 5%

Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 16% of all journeys.

Bus 11% Taxi Cycle 1% 1%

Walk 19%

Private transport 63%

Data Sources: Chicago Regional Household Travel Inventory: Mode Choice and Trip Purpose for the 2008 and 1990 Surveys, Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning

CURITIBA

Figure 8: Mode Share in Curitiba

Population: 1.9 million Land area: 430 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 45% of all journeys.

Private transport 28% Bus & BRT 45%

Others 1% Walk 21%

Data Sources: ICLEI EcoMobility Case “Curitiba, Brazil - A model of transit oriented planning”

DELHI

Cycle 5%

Figure 9: Mode Share in Delhi

Population: 11.0 million Land area: 431 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 42% of all journeys. Data Sources: Census of India 2011 Ministry of Urban Development, 2008. Study on Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India

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Walk 21%

Private transport 19%

Cycle 12%

Public transport 42%

Paratransit 6%

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References

GUANGZHOU2

Figure 10: Mode Share in Guangzhou

Population: 6.3 million Land area: 1,166 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes only motorised modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 49% of motorised journeys.

Taxi 11% Rail 14%

Private transport 40%

Data Sources:

Bus 35%

Guangzhou Yearbook 2010 Guangzhou Urban Transport Report 2010 (in Chinese only. 2010 年广州市城市交通运行报告)

HONG KONG

Figure 11: Mode share in Hong Kong

Population: 7.1 million Land area: 1,104 km2

Private transport 11%

Taxi 8%

Mode share Based on the number of boardings by mode of transport. It includes only motorised modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 80% of all boardings.

Rail 25%

Others 1%

Data Sources:

Bus / Tram 55%

Hong Kong in Figures 2011 Travel Characteristics Survey 2002, Transport Department, Hong Kong

LONDON

Figure 12: Mode Share in London

Population: 7.8 million Land area: 1,579 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 27% of all journeys.

Rail 12%

Bus / Tram 15%

Data Sources: GLA Intelligence Update 11-2011, Greater London Authority, U.K. Travel in London, Supplementary Report: London Travel Demand Survey (LTDS) 2011, Transport for London, U.K.

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Cycle Taxi 2% 1%

Walk 30%

Private transport 40%

References

MADRID

Figure 13: Mode Share in Madrid

Population: 3.1 million Land area: 606 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 34% of all journeys.

Private transport 29%

Public transport 34% Taxi 1%

Data Sources: Walk 36%

Urban Transport Benchmarking Initiative Year Three, Annex A1. Common Indicator Report 2006

MELBOURNE

Figure 14: Mode Share in Melbourne

Population: 4.1 million Land area: 1,566 km2

Bus Rail 3% 4%

Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 8% of all journeys.

Walk 13% Cycle 2% Others 1% Private transport 77%

Data Sources: Victorian Integrated Survey of Travel and Activity 2007

MUMBAI

Figure 15: Mode Share in Mumbai

Population: 12.5 million Land area: 603 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 45% of all journeys.

Walk 27%

Data Sources: Census of India 2011 Ministry of Urban Development, 2008. Study on Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India

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Private transport 15%

Paratransit 7% Cycle 6%

Public transport 45%

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References

NEW YORK

Figure 16: Mode Share in New York

Population: 8.2 million Land area: 790 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 23% of all journeys.

Private transport 33%

Walk 39%

Data Sources: Census 2010, U.S. Census Bureau National Household Travel Survey 2009, New York City

OSAKA

Others 6%

Bus 10%

Rail 12%

Figure 17: Mode Share in Osaka

Population: 2.7 million Land area: 222 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 34% of all journeys.

Walk 27%

Data Sources:

Private transport 39%

Rail 32%

Osaka Prefecture Travel Report 2000 (in Japanese only, 大 阪府全体の人の動き 第4回パーソントリップ調査から, Japan)

PARIS (Paris et Petite Couronne)3

Bus 2%

Figure 18: Mode Share in Paris et Petite Couronne

Population: 6.5 million Land area: 762 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 62% of all journeys. Data Sources:

Private transport 32% Public transport 62%

National Transport Survey 2008 (in French only, Enquête Nationale Transports et Déplacements)

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Taxi 1%

Cycle 1%

Walk 4%

References

PRAGUE

Figure 19: Mode Share in Prague

Population: 1.2 million Land area: 496 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 43% of all journeys.

Private transport 33%

Public transport 43%

Cycle 1%

Data Sources:

Walk 23%

The Yearbook of Transportation 2009, Prague

ROME

Figure 20: Mode Share in Rome

Population: 3.7 million Land area: 1,290 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 20% of all journeys.

Public transport 20%

Private transport 59%

Walk 21%

Data Sources: Urban Transport Benchmarking Initiative Year Three, Annex A1. Common Indicator Report 2006

SEOUL

Figure 21: Mode Share in Seoul

Population: 10.6 million Land area: 605 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes only motorised modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 63% of motorised journeys.

Private transport 26%

Bus 28%

Taxi 6%

Data Sources: Seoul Statistics – Population Trend in 2010 Seoul Statistics – Composition of Daily Passenger Transportation in 2009

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Rail 35%

Others 5%

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References

SHANGHAI4

Figure 22: Mode Share in Shanghai

Population: 16.4 million Land area: 2,141 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 33% of all journeys.

E-bike 10%

Data Sources:

Public transport 33%

Shanghai Yearbook 2011 Shanghai Construction and Transport Commission 2009 (data provided directly)

SINGAPORE

Private transport 20%

Walk 27%

Figure 23: Mode share in Singapore

Population: 5.1 million Land area: 712 km2

Taxi 4%

Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 44% of all journeys.

Rail 19% Cycle 1%

Walk 22%

Data Sources:

SYDNEY

Private transport 29%

Bus 25%

Singapore in Figures 2011 Travel Survey 2011, Land Transport Authority, Singapore

Figure 24: Mode Share in Sydney

Population: 4.6 million Land area: 1,580 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 11% of all journeys.

Rail Bus 5% 6%

Walk 18%

Data Sources: 2009/10 Household Travel Survey-Key Indicators for Sydney

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Cycle 10%

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Others 2% Private transport 69%

References

TAIPEI

Figure 25: Mode Share in Taipei

Population: 2.6 million Land area: 272 km2

Cycle 4%

Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 32% of all journeys.

Rail 14% Taxi Others 2% 1%

Walk 15%

Data Sources:

Bus 18%

Taipei Yearbook 2010, Taipei City Government, Taiwan Analysis of Taiwan Transport Modes (in Chinese only, 臺 灣地區相關運具使用率指標 簡析及探討) 2009. MOTC , Taiwan

TOKYO (23-Ward)5

Private transport 46%

Figure 26: Mode share in Tokyo 23-Ward

Population: 8.8 million Land area: 622 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 51% of all journeys.

Private transport 12%

Cycle 14%

Bus 3%

Walk 23%

Rail 48%

Data Sources: Tokyo Statistical Yearbook 2009, Japan Tokyo Metropolitan Area Travel Survey 2008 (in Japanese only, 東京都市圏パーソントリップ調査（交通実態調査） 平成20年, Japan)

TORONTO

Figure 27: Mode Share in Toronto

Population: 2.4 million Land area: 630 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 24% of all journeys.

Cycle & Walk 8% Local Transit 22%

Data Sources:

GO Train Others 2% 1% Private transport 67%

2006 Transportation Tomorrow Survey

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References

VIENNA

Figure 28: Mode Share in Vienna

Population: 1.6 million Land area: 415 km2 Mode share Based on the number of journeys by main mode of transport. It includes all modes for all purposes. Mass transit constitutes 36% of all journeys. Data Sources: Vienna Modal Split 2010 (in German only, APA-Grafik Modal Split, Wiener)

Private transport 31%

Public transport 36%

Cycle 5%

Walk 28%

Notes 1. For Beijing, this includes the traditional urban area, which is only part of the area administered by the Beijing Municipality.

4. For Shanghai, this includes the traditional urban area and the Pudong New District, which is only part of the area administered by the Shanghai Municipality.

2. For Guangzhou, this includes the central districts (i.e. Liwan, Yuexiu, Haizhu, Tianhe, Baiyun, Huangpu) only, which is only part of the area administered by the Guangzhou Municipality.

5. For Tokyo, this includes the traditional urban area collectively called “23-Ward”, which is only part of the area administered by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government (TMG).

3. For Paris, this includes the city of Paris and the surrounding districts collectively called “Petite Couronne” (Little Crown, or Inner Ring): Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-SaintDenis and Val-de-Marne.

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