Pompano- Jazmine Pritchett

Pompano

Jazmine Pritchett 7/10/13 Marine Aquaculture

Trachinotus carolinus (Florida Pompano)* Trachinotus Ovatus (Golden Pompano)

Trachinotus blochii (Silver Pompano)

• Florida Pompano serves as an important sport and commercial fishing species • In the US Florida Pompano typically sells for $6 to $10 per pound. In Hong Kong its priced at $5/Kg • Very popular around several countries in Asia especially China from which we import golden Pompano to help meet our Florida pompano demands.

• Silver and Golden Pompano are produced heavily in Vietnam, Taiwan, Singapore the Philippines, and Malaysia.

Juvenile stage of the pompano -16 days after hatching Larval stage of the pompano fish -Newly hatched will be 2.0 to 2.3 mm long with little pigmentation. Fertilized Pompano egg (Neurula Stage) -eggs are buoyant, transparent and about 1 mm in diameter Pompano egg prior to spawning

• Pompano undergo natural spawning during spring and early summer.

• In aquaculture systems spawning is hormone induced within the brookstock year around. -Fish are injected with a 76ug pellet of gnRHa to induce spawning -Hatch rate falls between 70-95% • Some culture systems will purchase juveniles from established hatcheries for the grow out phase.

• Early larval stages are fed an enriched feed of rotifers.

• Between 7 to 11 days after hatching artemia enriched feed replaces the rotifers. • Artemia feed is discontinued 20 days after hatch. • Commercial feeds are used for juvenile pompano fish in the transition stage of development. • During the grow out phase commercial feeds are still utilized or they can be fed with “trash fish” -47% crude protein & 15% crude fat feed for 50g fish -43% crude protein & 12% crude fat feed for >50g fish

1) Pond & Recirculating Aquaculture Systems -RAS used for the nursery stage and larviculture in hatcheries of pompano - Ponds are the least cost method compared to RAS and Sea cages - Ponds had no artificial food implanted and very little human interference during the grow out phase.

2) Sea water Cages (for silver and golden Pompano) - Fingerlings for grow- out are provided by hatcheries to the sea cages - Cages are placed in calm, protected warm waters such as coves, bays or sheltered lagoons - Cage site must have a good source of water exchange to maintain water quality - Nursery net cages made of B-net - Grow out net cages P.E knotted net with a mesh size of 14 cm.

• Temperature- 27 to 30 degrees Celsius • Salinity- 30 to 37 ppt for adults. As low as 9 ppt and as high as 50 ppt for juveniles • DO- between 5.5 and 8.0 ppm • Depth- 5 to 7.5m

• Very adaptable to changing levels within the system except for temperature.

• Fast growing • Hardy • Tolerance for low salinity water • Different sizes can be placed in the same ponds because cannibalism is rare • Can be fed “trash fish” • Desirable for food • Readily adapts

• Stock must be obtained from along sandy beaches or hatcheries at present time. • Little information is known about many aspects of the pompano • Problematic production of juveniles