PPT

Strategic pest management tactics for blackheaded fireworm using reduced risked ovicide/larvicide insecticides Kim Patten & Chase Metzger

Background: • In 2015 the Washington Department of Agriculture will most likely ban the use of OPs on 56% of cranberry beds in WA, due to water quality issues. • Alternative reduced risk chemistries for fireworm control have been getting adopted by the industry, but control hasn’t always been satisfactory. Grower survey July 2013 on their satisfaction with Altacor never used moderately satisified very satisified unsure

• There are a lot of new reduced risk insecticides that we are only beginning to figure out how to best use. • Most applications are chemigated on systems with poor uniformity (DU< 70%) which compromise efficacy • Our insect pests have a very asynchronous hatch (3+ weeks) which make insecticide timing more challenging

Project objectives: • Assess an array of new insecticide for efficacy against fireworm • Assess duration of field efficacy • Optimize timing intervals • Develop more refined IPM program for fireworm management

Blackheaded Fireworm Rhobobota naevana 2 generations / year Overwinters as egg

Insecticide efficacy

1st generation BHFW efficacy trials # alive larvae per sets of 5 sweeps 60 40 20 0

a

b

b

Applied 5/11 assessed 5/13 and 5/20

a b

2nd generation BHFW efficacy trials # alive larvae per two sets of 5 sweeps 30 20

a

10

a

a b

0 Control

Venerate

Grandevo

Danitol

b

Altacor

Applied 7/21 assessed 7/25 & 7/29 larvae size equally distributed between 1 and 5 instar

Duration of field efficacy

Duration of field efficacy – fireworm 2nd generation Treatments were applied weekly (5/27 to 6/26) Which applications failed to provide control? Treatment window

Sweep for efficacy

Duration of field efficacy – fireworm 2nd generation 5 different timings (5/27 to 6/26) – how long do they provide control? 16

Spray dates

a

33 days of control w/ Altacor 19 days of control w/ Intrepid

14 12

ab

10

ab

ab

ab

8

Altacor

6

Intrepid

4 2

# larvae per 5 sweeps on 7/8/2013

0 5/27/2013 300 200 100 0 5/27/2013

c c

6/6/2013

Plots swept for efficacy

6/16/2013

c 6/26/2013

7/6/2013

1

16

1

BHFW adults trap counts 6/6/2013

6/16/2013

6/26/2013

7/6/2013

Container of cranberries treated with Altacor or Intrepid before or after exposure to fireworm adults and assessed for damaged DBE - days before exposure DAE – days after exposure

10 DBE

5 DBE

1 DBE

1 DAE 5 days exposure

5 DAE

10 DAE

% containers with fireworm damage

100

80

a 5 day exposure

ab

60

Altacor Intrepid

ab 40

20

ab b

0 10 DBT

b

b 5 DBT

1 DBT

b

b

1 DAT

b 5 DAT

Data – highly variable Intrepid applied pre-egg laying – minimal control Altacor applied pre or post-egg laying - control

b 10 DAT

Optimize timing intervals replicated trials

Traditional insecticide timing

Timing window

Timing window

With new reduced risk insecticides – what is the ideal timing and frequency? Do you get any ovicidal activity? Do you get any adulticidal activity? How long is the duration of field activity?

Pre-hatch application of insecticide for control of 1st generation BHFW Treatments applied May 30, 2013 –at early rough neck ~ 1/4” growth; no larvae present

# alive larvae per 5 sweeps

May 6th sweeping 35 30

May 17th sweeping

Treat sweep

a

25

20 15 10

a 31

21.5

5 0

Control

b

b

0

0

Intrepid

b

b 0

0

Altacor

Early timing for 1st generation provides superlative control, even under high pressure (17 days of control)

# alive fireworm per 10 sweeps 23-Jul 8

3-Aug

Treat sweep

a

6 a

4

2

ab

b

a

ab

a

a

0 Control

Altacor

Intrepid

Cyazypyr

Treatments applied 6/11/12 at first significant moth flight

treat

Total # alive BHFW larvae

# of larvae/ 5 sweeps

50 40

untreated Delegate Altacor Cyazypyr

30 20 10 0

6/24

Treat

7/8

7/22

sweep

8/7

sweep

# alive fireworm per 5 sweeps 16-Jul 50

a

40

23-Jul

Treat sweep

a

30 20

b

10

b

b

a

b

ab

0 Control

Altacor

Intrepid

Cyazypyr

Treatments applied 6/29/12 just prior to egg hatch

Develop more refined IPM program for fireworm management • Refinement of trapping • Use of trap data with GDD models • Consideration of additional insect pest • Resistance management

Z traps

IPM timing strategies for control

20 dd

110 dd

145 dd from biofix

A or I A or I

• Comparison of Apples to Cranberries in the PNW – 2nd generation Codling moth larvae • Altacor: ~120 to 150 dd base 10˚C from biofix • Intrepid: ~130 to 150 dd base 10˚C from biofix

– 2nd generation larvae Fireworm larvae • Altacor: ~110 to 150 dd base 10˚C from biofix • Intrepid: ~130 to 140 dd base 10˚C from biofix

How do you overlay an Insecticide to target multiple insects

May

June

July

August

Sept.

Resistance management Group 18 – Intrepid Group 5- Delegate Group 22- Avaunt Group 28- Altacor, Cyazypr

Summary • Good field duration (Altacor>Intrepid≥Cyazypyr>Delegate) • A fail-proof IPM for fireworm is feasible