Road to WWI

The Road to World War I Susan M. Pojer and Debra Solomon Horace Greeley HS Hollidaysburg HS

Colonial Rivalries: Africa in 1914

Tensions & Conflicts: 1873-1914 Britain out of European power politics concentrated on Empire Became worried about Germany’s rising power 1896--Germany sends Kruger Telegram to Boers in South Africa, who were at war with Britain 1898—Build-up of German navy began

Colonial Rivalries: Asia in 1914

The British Empire in 1914

Tensions & Conflicts: 1873-1914 Bismark created alliances with Germany’s potential enemies in Europe and encouraged France in Africa France remained isolated in Europe until 1890

Kaiser Wilhelm II refused to renew the Russo-German Reinsurance Treaty, although Russia wanted to do so

Tensions & Conflicts: 1873-1914 1891--France and Russia sign preliminary agreement 1894—they become military allies 1904—Franco-British Entente over British rule in Egypt and French power in Morocco Moroccan crisis and Algeciras Conference of 1906 push Great Britain and France together

The Balkans in 1878

Austria-Hungary Problems 1873-1914 1866-Austro-Prussian War 1867—Ausgleich (Compromise) Dual monarchy created

Nationalities in Austria: Germans, Italians, Czechs, Poles, Slovenes, Jews Nationalities in Hungary: Magyars, Slovaks, Ruthenians/Ukranians, Croats, Serbs, Romanians

Austria-Hungary Problems 1873-1914

Austro-Slavism: unite Slavs under Hapsburgs Serbia: Unite Slavs in Austrian Empire Russia—Pan-Slavism: Unite all

Slavs

Ottoman Empire Problems 1873-1914

Sick Man of Europe 1832: Greek Independence 1875: Nationalist Rebellion 1878: Serbian/Romanian Independence Austria-Hungary: right to administer Bosnia-Herzegovina

Tensions & Conflicts: 1873-1914

1. Three Emperors’ League (1873)  Ger, A-H, Rus. 2.Dual Alliance (1879)  Ger. & AH 3.Triple Alliance (1882) Ger, AH, It. 4.Reinsurance Treaty (1887)  restore relations between Ger. & Rus.

Ottoman Empire problems: 1873-1914

Some of Bulgaria became autonomous as did Wallachia 1908: Austria formally annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbia enraged/looks to Russia for help

Tensions & Conflicts: 1873-1914

1.Franco-Russian Alliance (1894) 2.British-Japanese Alliance (1902) 3.The Entente Cordiale (1904)  Br. & Fr.

Tensions & Conflicts: 1873-1914

8. First Moroccan Crisis (1905) Germany wanted to test FrGB alliance 9. Russo-Japanese War (1905) 10.The Anglo-Russian Convention (1907)  Persia 11.Triple Entente (1907)  Br, Fr, Rus

Tensions & Conflicts: 1873-1914

8. The Bosnian Crisis of 1908

9. Second Moroccan Crisis (1911) 10.The First Balkan War (1912) Serbia, Greece, Bulgaria 11.The Second Balkan War Serbia vs Bulgeria(1913) Austria forced Serbia to give up Albania

The Balkan Wars: 1912-1913

Europe in 1914

The Balkans in 1914