Sample Presentation - National Democratic Institute

January 18, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Social Science, Political Science, Government
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Government Structures and Systems Politics 101

The National Democratic Institute

INTRODUCTIONS/ GROUND RULES • Introductions • Ground Rules • Ice Breaker Exercise

OBJECTIVES • To understand the various divisions and levels of government and their roles/ responsibilities • To learn how to address issues of importance in your community

GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES TOPICS • • • • •

Constitutional framework Divisions of government and roles Parliamentary and presidential systems Roles of elected and political leaders Women in government

KEY TERMS • • • • • •

Politics Governance Executive Legislative Judiciary Checks and balances

CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK • What is a constitution? • What is its role? • Who must obey it?

GENDER SENSITIVE CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS A blanket equality clause CEDAW and human rights treaties Full and equal citizenship Full and equal inheritance and land rights • Political quotas across sectors • Temporary special measures • • • •

POLITICAL SYSTEMS • Unified system vs. dual system • President • Head of government

PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEMS • President • Generally popularly elected • 27 women presidents from 22 countries

Photo: Week of Women, NDI

PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEMS • Prime minister • Path to power is through party and coalition governments

Photo: Julia Gillard, photograph by Glen McCurtayne for The Sydney Morning Herald

DIVISIONS OF GOVERNMENT • Executive • Judicial • Legislative

EXECUTIVE BRANCH  Head of State  Head of Government  Cabinet  Ministries • Oversees implementation of laws and administration of the country • Women in the executive branch

JUDICIAL BRANCH • • • •

Interprets constitution and laws Administers justice in resolving disputes Promotes the rule of law Independent

WOMEN AND JUDICIAL BRANCH • Lack of access to the judicial system • Lack of women in the judiciary • Discriminatory laws and judicial systems

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH • National legislature - Upper and lower house • Local legislative bodies

Photo: National Democratic Institute

ROLES OF POLITICAL ACTORS • • • •

Constituency Government Political parties and coalitions Special interest groups

Photo: Marie-Ève_NDI-Pakistan

ROLES OF LEGISLATORS • • • •

Legislator Committee member Public servant Party member

ROLES OF LEGISLATORS • Legislator • Analyze legislation • Lawmaking • Budgeting

• Committee member • Committee work • Public hearings • Oversight of government

Photo: National Democratic Institute, Sierra Leone

ROLES OF LEGISLATORS • Public servant – Constituent relations – Outreach to constituency

• Party member – Parties in parliament – Parliamentary groups and caucuses – Dealing with opponents/opposition

Photo: National Democratic Institute, Cambodia

LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT

National Provincial Local

LOCAL GOVERNMENT • Oversees local administration of: – Services (medical, education, etc.) – Policies – Local taxes and budgets • Should respond to citizens’ needs and involve them in decisions

LOCAL LEVEL LEGISLATORS Citizens

Local government administration

Local councilors are the link  Represent/advocate for community  Maintain transparency  Encourage inclusive policies

EXERCISE Handling issues at the local level

Photo: Tassos C, NDI

WOMEN IN GOVERNMENT

Photo: Amy Hamelin, NDI

GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES REVIEW • • • • •

Constitutional framework Divisions of government and roles Parliamentary and presidential systems Roles of elected and political leaders Women in government  Questions?  Feedback?

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