skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system What do you know?

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Essential Standards: • What is the process of bone formation? • What are the structures of the long

bones? • What are the structures of the skeletal system?

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

3

Bone formation Identify the osteocytes.

Osteo = bone Cyte = cell

Microscopic mature bone cells 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

4

Bone formation 

Ossification – new minerals deposit to form bone



Discuss the process of ossification?



How do we know ossification occurs?



Example 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

5

Bone formation 

 



Ossification – Minerals replace previously formed cartilage. Infants bones are soft and pliable because of incomplete ossification. As bones ossify, they become hard.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

6

Bone formation 





How do we know ossification occurs? Long bones grow in length and ossify from the center to the ends. Give examples of ossification.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

7

Bone formation

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

8

Bone formation

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

9

Types of Bones Discuss their possible function based on appearance.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

10

Types of Bones Long bones • Found in the arms and legs

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

11

Types of Bones Flat bones • Bones of the skull • Ribs

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

12

Types of Bones Irregular bones • Spinal column

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

13

Types of Bones Short bones • Wrist

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

14

Structures of long bones Identify structures of the long bones. Compare spongy bone to compact bone. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

15

Structure of the long bones Compare structures of the long bones. Discuss the importance of having both types of bone tissue. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

16

Axial Skeleton

The axial skeleton is blue.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

17

Axial Skeleton 

Skull

frontal view 

Identify the structures of the frontal view of the skull. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

18

Axial Skeleton 

Skull lateral view



Identify the structures of the lateral view of the skull. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

19

Axial Skeleton 

Skull superior view

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

20

Axial Skeleton 

Skull lateral view

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

21

Axial Skelton 



Hyoid Bone What is unique about the hyoid bone?

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

22

Axial Skeleton 



Spinal column

Vertebral Structure

Identify the structures of the spinal vertebra. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

23

Axial Skeleton 



Spinal column Identify the vertebrae in the spinal column. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

24

Axial Skeleton 



Spinal column Identify the vertebrae in this x-ray.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

25

Appendicular Skeleton

The appendicular skeleton is beige.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

26

Appendicular Skeleton 



Shoulder girdle Identify the structures of the shoulder girdle and upper extremities. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

27

Appendicular Skeleton 



Shoulder girdle Identify the structures of the shoulder girdle and upper extremities. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

28

Appendicular Skeleton 



Pelvic girdle Identify the structures of the pelvic girdle and lower extremities. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

29

Appendicular Skeleton 



Pelvic girdle Identify the structures of the lower extremities.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

30

Appendicular Skeleton 



Pelvis Identify the structures of the pelvis.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

31

Appendicular Skeleton 



Pelvic girdle Identify the structures of the pelvic girdle and lower extremities.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

32

Appendicular Skeleton 



Pelvic girdle Compare the male and female pelvis.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Copyright Pearson Education, Inc.

33

Joints: Diarthroses

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

34

Joints  

Diarthroses = moveable joints Four types  

Ball and socket Hinge

 

Pivot Gliding

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

35

Joints 

Ball and socket 







One bone has a ball at one end The other has a concave socket Allows for the greatest range of motion Ex: shoulder

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

36

Joints: Diarthroses 

Example of a ball and socket joint.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

37

Joints 

Hinge joint 

Move in one direction

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

38

Joints: Diarthroses 



Example of a hinge joint. Define uniaxial.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

39

Joints 

Pivot joints 

Bones that rotate across each other

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

40

Joints: Diarthroses 



Identify the pivot joints in this x-ray. Identify other pivot joints.

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

41

Joints 

Gliding joint 

Bones with flat surfaces that slide across each other

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

42

Joints 



Example of gliding joint Give examples not pictured here

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

43

Joints 

Amphiarthroses 

Partially movable joints

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

44

Joints 

Synarthroses  

Immovable joints Connected by fibrous connective tissue

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

45

Bursa and Synovial Membrane 

Bursa 



Fluid-filled sac that contains the synovial membrane Lined by synovial membrane 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

46

Bursa and Synovial Membrane 

Synovial membrane  Capsule that encloses a joint  

Lines the bursa Contains synovial fluid

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

47

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Essential Standards: • What is the process of bone formation? • What are the structures of the long bones? • What are the structures of the skeletal

system?

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

48

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system The End 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

49