SOCIAL WORK IN CANADA An Introduction Third Edition
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SOCIAL WORK IN CANADA -----------------------------------
An Introduction Third Edition
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Social Work With Women
Social Work Beginnings Equal Pay and Employment Equity Persistent Problems Sexism and Gender Equality Principles of Feminist Practice Violence Against Women Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment What Is the Role of a Social Worker? Other Areas of Social Work Intervention
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Social Work Beginnings
Movement for greater participation of women in public life arose at the end of the 19th century. Women were typically maternal feminists
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Social Work Beginnings
There were a number of strands: 1. Temperance movement 2. Women’s missionary and charities 3. Suffragette movement
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Equal Pay and Employment Equity
Many legislative changes in the post-war period fostered greater equality for women: 1. Equal pay policies 2. Equal employment policies 3. Other facilitating policies
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Persistent Problems There are persistent problems for women in many areas of economic life: Poverty Part-time work Minimum wage legislation Maternity and parental leave Dependent care
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Free trade and globalization Pension programs Recessions Employment insurance programs
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Persistent Problems
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Persistent Problems
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Sexism and Gender Equality
Gender How we identify as male, female, or transgendered and adhere to cultural norms of femininity and masculinity; in contrast to sex, which is biological.
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Sexism and Gender Equality
Gender Equality Means that women and men live in an environment that affords them equal opportunity to realize full human rights; to contribute to national, political, economic, social, and cultural development; and to benefit from the results.
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Sexism and Gender Equality
Sexism Prejudice or discrimination based on a person’s sex. It is a system of discriminatory, interrelated physical and social controls, derogatory beliefs and institutional- and societal-level policies.
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Sexism and Gender Equality
Patriarchy Literally means “rule by the father” but, in a broader sense, it has come to mean the domination of society by men.
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Principles of Feminist Practice
There are thirteen components of feminist social work practice: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Validating the social context Re-valuing positions enacted by women Recognizing difference in male & female experiences Re-balancing perceptions of normality and deviance Taking an inclusive stance Paying attention to power dynamics
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Principles of Feminist Practice
Components of feminist social work practice cont’d: 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Recognizing how “the personal is political” Taking a deconstructive stance Taking a partnering stance Fostering inclusive scholarship Challenging reductionist models Adopting empowerment practice Countering the myth of value-free psychotherapy
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Violence Against Women
Many social workers take exception to the phrase “family violence” or “domestic violence” They believe it glosses over the fact that it is usually men who are violent against women According to Statistics Canada 2004, 7% of women experienced spousal violence in the previous 5 years
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment
Sexual Assault Any form of unwanted sexual activity including fondling, touching, and penetration, that is forced upon another person without that person’s consent.
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment
Sexual Harassment Any unwanted behaviour, comment, gesture, or contact of a sexual nature that treats the person receiving it as a sexual object.
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment
Acquaintance Sexual Assault Also called date rape, acquaintance sexual assault involves an assailant who is known to the victim. Forty percent of sexual assaults are this type.
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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What is the Role of a Social Worker?
The role of social workers in helping abused women may include crisis intervention, support and empowerment, support group facilitation, and the provision of information.
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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What is the Role of a Social Worker?
The social worker may partake in one or several of the following activities: Intervene in a crisis Facilitate an empowerment approach Listen to what the women has to say and empathetically respond Connect the woman to a support group Teach the woman how to assess the assault/homicide potential Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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What is the Role of a Social Worker?
Make an appropriate referral Teach the woman how to recognize abuse, name the problem and its source, and avoid self-blame Advise the abused women of her legal rights Mobilize safety, legal, and community resources effectively
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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What is the Role of a Social Worker?
Implement agency policy regarding mandated reporting and keep accurate records Use the consultative process and review one’s referrals and interventions Complete the crisis management and follow-up referral or treatment steps Provide full follow-up and counselling with the woman and her assailant
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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What is the Role of a Social Worker?
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Other Areas of Social Work Intervention
Women and poverty Mounting numbers of women with low incomes and lone-parent mothers are receiving social services across Canada. Phrase coined to capture the problem – the feminization of poverty
Women and HIV/AIDS Number and percentage of women living with HIV/AIDS in increasing
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Websites Status of Women of Canada www.swc-cfc.gc.ca National Clearinghouse on Family Violence www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ncfv-cnivf/familyviolence Canada Health Coalition www.healthcoalition.ca International Museum of Women www.imow.org Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Questions for Discussion
What social work programs today have their roots in campaigns of the early women’s movements?
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Questions for Discussion
What are some of the reasons behind why such a large proportion of part-time workers in Canada are women?
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Questions for Discussion
In what ways does sexism create barriers for women’s economic opportunity?
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Questions for Discussion
How can social workers be involved in addressing discrimination against women from a practice perspective? From a policy perspective?
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Questions for Discussion
In what ways does violence against women influence child poverty?
Chapter 10: Social Work with Women
Social Work In Canada Copyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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