Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach, 7/e

Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach 7/e James M. Henslin Chapter Twelve: Race and Ethnicity

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Race: Myth and Reality  Myth 1—Idea That Any Race is Superior 



All Races Have Geniuses and Idiots

Myth 2—Idea that Any Race is Pure 

Human Characteristics Flow Endlessly Together

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Ethnic Groups 

Race Refers to Biological Characteristics

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Ethnicity Refers to Cultural Characteristics 

Common Ancestry

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Cultural Heritage

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Nations of Origin Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Minority and Dominant Groups 

Minority Group—People Singled Out for Unequal Treatment

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Minority Group Can Be Racial or Ethnic

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Minority Group Not Necessarily Numerical Minority

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Minority and Dominant Groups 

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Dominant Group—Group with Most… 

Power

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Privileges

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Highest Social Status

Dominant Group Does the Discriminating

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Emergence of Minority Groups 

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Minority Groups Occur Because of… 

Expansion of Political Boundaries

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Migration

Minority Groups Share Characteristics

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Shared Characteristics 

Membership is an Ascribed Status

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Physical or Cultural Traits Held in Low Esteem by Dominant Group

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Unequal Treatment

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Marry Within Own Group

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Feel Strong Group Solidarity Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Constructing Racial-Ethnic Identity 

Relative Size

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Power

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Appearance

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Discrimination

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Ethnic Work Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Prejudice and Discrimination 

Common Throughout the World

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Discrimination is an Action

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Racial Discrimination is RACISM

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Discrimination Results from Prejudice

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Ku Klux Klan and Neo-Nazis

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Prejudice and Discrimination 

Learning Prejudice

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Internalizing Dominant Norms

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Media

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Group Membership

Prejudice Against Own Group Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Extent of Prejudice 

Each Racial-Ethnic Group Views Other Groups as Inferior in Some Way

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Dislike of One Group Associated with Dislike of Other Groups

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Older, Less Educated More Prejudiced

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Individual and Institutional Discrimination 

Home Mortgage and Car Loans

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Health Care

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Theories of Prejudice 

Psychological Perspectives 

Frustration and Scapegoats

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The Authoritarian Personality

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Theories of Prejudice 

Sociological Perspectives 

Functionalism

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Conflict Theory

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Symbolic Interactionism 

Labels Create Prejudice

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Self-Fulfilling Prophesy Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Global Patterns of Intergroup Relations 

Genocide

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Population Transfer

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Internal Colonialism Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Global Patterns of Intergroup Relations 

Segregation

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Assimilation

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Multiculturalism Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States—White Europeans 

Nation’s Founders Included Only Those from England (WASPs)

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Other “White” Europeans Inferior

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States—Latinos (Hispanics) 

Numbers, Origins, Location

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Spanish Language

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Diversity

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Comparative Conditions Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States—African-Americans 

The Struggle for Civil Rights

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Rising Expectations and Civil Strife

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Continued Gains

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States—African-Americans 

Current Losses

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Race or Social Class?

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Racism as an Everyday Burden

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States—Asian-Americans 

Background of Discrimination

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World of Striking Contrasts

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Reasons for Success

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States—Native Americans 

Diversity of Groups

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From Treaties to Genocide and Population Transfer

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The Invisible Minority and SelfDetermination Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005

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Chapter 12: Race and Ethnicity

Looking Towards the Future 

The Immigration Debate

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Affirmative Action

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Towards a True Multicultural Society

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