Suspended Ceiling

January 14, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Social Science, Anthropology, Mythology
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Chapter 24 Finish Ceilings & Floors

‘Interior’ Ceiling @ the Venetian Hotel (Las Vegas)

Functions of Finish Ceilings Visual - color, texture, pattern, shape Control diffusion of:  light  sound

Conceal MPE Accommodate: lights, diffusers, communication, sprinkler…

May assist with fire resistance distribution / return of HVAC

Types of Ceilings Exposed Structural & MPE Tightly Attached

Suspended Interstitial

Exposed Exposed Structure & MPE Industrial, warehouse, …  Economy & ease of maintenance

Timber, trusses, etc.  Often for appearance

Flat Plate, PC plank (HC) Painted - hotels & apartments Minimal MPE services in ceiling Economy and reduces story height

Exposed Structure Ceiling “Joint” Preparation for Sprayed on Textured Ceiling

Textured Ceiling

Exposed Timber & MPE Services @ a Ski Lodge

Tightly Attached Attached directly to joists or slabs Special arrangements / accommodations for:  Structural members (beams, girders) MPE systems

Suspended Ceilings Suspended from the Structure Generally by wires Materials: drywall, plaster, fibrous (acoustic) Structure Ceiling Plenum space

Support Wires

for ducts, pipes, conduit ...

Support System •Metal Framing •Furring Channels •“Metal Grid

Suspended Ceiling •Drywall •Plaster •Acoustic (incombustible fibers)

Suspended Plaster Ceiling (note the delamination of the finish coat)

Acoustic “Lay-in Panels”

•Exposed Metal Grid •2x2 or 2x4 Lay-in Panels •MPE “sized” to fit grid or cut into the acoustic tile •Economical

Acoustical Ceiling Grid Systems

“Difficult” to access

Main Runners Cross Tees •Provide Main Ceiling Support •Intermediate Support •Generally 4’ o.c. •“Rest”/ attach to Mains •Attached to “Hangers” •Spacing depends on tile •Additional hangers may be required to support MPE “loads” Wall Angle •Attaches to wall

“Recessed” Grid (also can be Flush, …)

Ceiling mounted - lights, sprinkler, smoke detector, communication

Multiple Tile Finishes Available

Diffuser sized 2x2

Common Support Grid Profile

Suspended Ceiling used as a Fire Resistant Membrane Combination Light/Diffuser The Integrity of the Fire Resistant Rating Must be Maintained at the Ceiling Penetrations

Suspended Acoustic Ceiling with a Gypsum ‘Fire’ Ceiling Above

Interstitial Ceilings Common with elaborate MPE systems Hospitals & laboratories

Purpose: Accommodate extensive MPE systems Provide access for maintenance & updating services

Finish Flooring Functions & Considerations Functions: Visual Acoustics Light Wearing Surface

Considerations Life / durability Skid resistance Sanitation Noise Fire (resistance, combustibility) Other (conductivity,..)

Under-floor Services Distribution of electrical /communications Methods Conduit Cellular Raceways Cellular Decking Raised Flooring

Under-floor Electrical Services Placed in the concrete slab

Reducing Noise Transmission

Use of a Soft material Padded carpet Cushioned resilient flooring Resilient underlayment

Selection of surrounding material Dense ceiling material below (plaster, drywall) Mount ceiling on resilient clips or spring hangers

Skid & Fire Resistance Skid Resistance Measure by its static coefficient of friction (SCOF) Skid resistance – desirable to minimize slipping

Flame Resistance Most flooring required to meet minimum criteria Exit corridors typically have higher requirements

Hard Flooring Materials Resistant to: Wear Moisture

Noisy -conduct sound Types Concrete, stone, brick, tile, terrazzo

Concrete Flooring Advantages Low initial cost Durable

Common Uses Parking decks Warehouses Industrial

Exposed Concrete with a pattern & tinting

Stone Types Marble Granite Slate Sandstone, …

Installation Setting Bed Grouted joints

Marble

Granite

Bricks & Brick Pavers Typically laid on face (but can be laid on edge) Often with a setting bed

With Grouted Joints

Without Grouted Joints

Paver Patterns

Quarry Tile Fired Clay tiles Multiple shapes/sizes Installation  Setting Bed (typical)  Thin Set  Grout Joints

Ceramic Tile Fired Clay Often Glazed Finish Floors & Walls Multiple sizes & colors, smaller tiles shipped with backing sheets

Laying Ceramic Tile

Reinforced ‘Mesh’ Bridge Cracks in Floor

Applying Adhesive with a Notched Trowel

Spacers Being Installed

Tile Placement

Cutting Tile

Small tile shipped with backing sheet

Decorative Ceramic Tile

Terrazzo Ground/polished concrete Typ. granite or marble chips w/ colored cement Divider strips  At changes in color/texture, expansion/contraction

Brass Divider Strips

Wood Flooring Materials white & red oak, pecan, maple, pine, ….

Types Wood Strip Flooring - blind nailed Square edge - fasteners visible (or filled) Parquet

Pre-finished or finished in-place (except parquet)

Blind Nailed Strip Flooring

Multiple Floor Finishes wood, tile, & carpet

Resilient Flooring Vinyl Composition Thin (1/8”), rolls or tiles (VCT) Will show substrate irregularities

Multiple colors & patterns Low cost, moderate durability Installation - glued

Carpet Multiple styles, colors, … Indoor and Outdoor Installation Glued directly to substrate, or Pad & tackless strip

Edge Strip

Glued Carpet abutting Terrazzo

Sustainability in Floors and Ceilings Indoor air quality: problems often caused by finish materials and coatings ( glues, binders, fabrics, etc.)

Mold & Mildew: can be a problem in carpets, wall coverings, & fabrics

Vinyl common in finishes: manufacture of vinyl releases significant amounts of air pollution

Recycling of interior materials in its infancy

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