The 1900-09 Decade
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The 1900-09 Decade 4/5th Grade Social Studies Mary M. Silgals, MLIS
SCETV Streamline Video What is strange about the photo on this movie clip?
America at the Turn of the Century In 1900 horses were the main means of transportation in towns; cars were a curiosity Less than 150 miles of paved road; no trucks or buses John Philip Sousa Music – “the Music of America” First motion picture – The Great Train Robbery
1900 – Turn of the Century Stars and Stripes Forever Car parade in 1900
Turn of the Century - 1900 Eiffel Tower in Paris; tallest building in the world
President William McKinley 1897-1901 “Prosperity” was the re-election pledge by President William McKinley “Four more years of the full dinner pail.”
http://americanhistory.si.edu/lunchboxes/section 1.htm
Philippines War – Guerillas fighting for independence; Not supported by many Americans Republicans nominated Theodore Roosevelt for running mate
Imperialism New territories: Guam, Hawaii, Philippines, Puerto Rico
http://www.bssports.co.jp/english/i mages/map_04.gif
Democratic candidate was William Jennings Bryan – He criticized “Imperialism”, the burning issue
“Friendship and Understanding between the Americas” Pan American Exhibit in Buffalo, NY
“Friendship and Understanding between the Americas”
One of the advances in medical science on display at the PanAmerican Exposition was the infant incubator. For ten cents admission, the curious could enter this imposing building and see premature infants who were cared for here during the exposition.
“Friendship and Understanding between the Americas” Latest developments in Agriculture, Forestry, and Transportation
Pan-American Exhibition Sept 5, 1901 President’s Day
http://ublib.buffalo.edu/libraries/exhibits/pana m/law/mckinley.html
President McKinley was shot at a public reception dying a week later Leon Czolgosz Pronounced Cholgosh http://history1900s.about.com/od/1900s/qt/mckinleykilled.htm
President Theodore Roosevelt 1901-1909 42 – youngest President Vigorous outdoorsman Organizer of the Rough Riders http://www.bartleby.com/51/
Fought trusts against big businesses; oil and railroads More popular with the people than with politicians
Turn of the Century Conflicts Miners go on strike President threatened use of federal troops for the first time People thought he could handle the fights between big business owners and the workers
Foreign Policy “Speak Softly and Carry A Big Stick” Supported the navy Doubled in size – “Join the Navy and See the World”
Panama Canal Controversy over the taking of land for building the canal
http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt#Panama_Canal
How We Lived Most people still lived on small farms Tractors revolution the way people lived Railroad lines still did not reach all areas Logging camps – Rivers were the means of transportation Prospectors American West – Indians on reservations
Cattle ranching, rodeos and traveling west shows Buffalo Bill with Annie Oakley and Sitting Bull
Prospectors
Logging Camps
http://www.rootsweb. ancestry.com/~pasulli v/gallery/Loggers.htm
Children at the turn of the century Description: Child Laborers in Indiana Glass Works, Midnight, Indiana. 1908. Photographer, Lewis W. Hine
Children at the turn of the century Description: Child Laborer, Newberry, S.C. 1908. The overseer said apologetically, "She just happened in." She was working steadily . photographer, Lewis W. Hine
Rural School Fred Hultstrand History in Pictures Collection, NDIRS-NDSU, Fargo.
Farming Equipment 1908 Geiser Model "ZZ" Steam Engine
F.A. Pazandak Photograph Collection, NDIRSNDSU, Fargo.
Rodeos – Annie Oakley, Buffalo Bill and Sitting Bull
http://west.stanford.edu/cgibin/pager.php?id=30
Wish Books – Sears and Montgomery Ward Catalogs Used in School to teach reading and arithmetic Buy anything from birth to death All merchandise guaranteed and paid by cash Free delivery Mail men were delivering billions of pieces of mail
Sears and Roebuck Catalog Montgomery Ward was the competition 1900: Records $8.7 million in sales, but falls behind Sears & Roebuck, which generates $10 million.
Population Distribution Description: Percent of population in Cities having at least 2500 inhabitants, 1903.
Change in the Cities
New York City center of high society “The 400” – Mrs. Aster’s ballroom Wealthy wintered in Florida William Flagler built resort hotels
Separate but Equal Jim Crow laws being passed Generations to reverse Booker T. Walker “Up From Slavery” George Carver Tuskegee Institute – vocational school for blacks Hopeful signs for some black people
Ellis Island Promised Land Terrifying ordeal – process of entry Questions often immigrants did not understand Many settled in Manhattan – 1/3rd immigrants Many languages from many countries
Problems in the cities
Streets not paved with gold Crowded city streets Hard working conditions Earthquakes (San Francisco 1906) Fires (Baltimore 1902) Broken Gas Lines Broken Electrical Wires Army – pack mule relief when disasters
John Muir National Parks doubled
President William Taft 1909-1913 Nominated by Roosevelt A Conservative 1909 Roosevelt in Africa to hunt Progressives were pleased with Taft's election. "Roosevelt has cut enough hay," they said; "Taft is the man to put it into the barn."
Entertainment Thomas Alva Edison
Electricity Lightbulb Record Player Motion Picture Projector
First movie 9 minutes – The Great Train Robbery – Edwin S. Porter first film editor
The Great Train Robbery "The Great Train Robbery" (1903) In 1903, an employee of Thomas Edison's motion picture company produced a movie with a story. It was called "The Great Train Robbery." It told a simple story of a group of western criminals who steal money from a train. The movie was extremely popular. "The Great TrainRobbery" started the huge motion picture industry. http://emol.org/movies/greattrainrobbery/i ndex.html
Science and Technology Steel was the builder of the future
Cars, skyscrapers, bridges 20-30-40 stories Flat Iron Building People catcher on trolleys Huge steel suspension bridges New York Subway first sectioned opened in 1904 – 1 hour trip reduced to 10 minutes
New York Subway Car
Steel Suspension Bridge
Flat Iron Building
Trolleys
Technology Panama Canal Trip Atlantic to Pacific Ocean 8,000 miles shorter
1907 Glenn Curtis motorcycle rider fastest man on earth 1909 – Army bought its first plane from the Wright brothers.
First Airplane – Wright Brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright Made of bicycle parts Flight lasted 12.5 minutes
Lifestyles Photograph albums – Brownie Kodak for $1.00 Electric trolleys replacing horses and carts 1900=8,000 cars Car builders: Chrysler, Buick & Ford End of decade=200,000 cars Lives easier for children Movies, cars, subways, skyscrapers, and airplanes basketball, marbles
Basketball 1891 the sport of basketball was born. Began popularity in 1900s Dr. James Naismith, Inventor of Basketball
Marbles Playing Marbles
The End! Check to see if you have all of your guided worksheet complete before turning it in.
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