The Conservative Revolution

January 13, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Social Science, Political Science, American Politics
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The Conservative Resurgence

1980-1993

Chapter 32

What was the conservative resurgence, and how did it affect the domestic and foreign policy of the United States?

Standards • Element: SSUSH25.d • Describe domestic and international events of Ronald Reagan's presidency including Reagonomics, the Iran-contra scandal and the collapse of the Soviet Union.

The Conservative Movement Grows Section 1

• What spurred the rise of conservatism in the late 1970s and early 1980s? • Vocabulary: -liberal -conservative -New Right

unfunded mandate Moral Majority Ronald Reagan

The Conservative Movement Grows Two Views: Liberal and Conservative Main Idea: In the end of the twentieth century, the two major political parties in the United States were labeled as Republican and conservative or Democrat and liberal. The Conservative Movement Gains Strength Main Idea: In the late 1970s, liberal policies were criticized for causing problems and a rise in the conservative movement occurred. Reagan Wins the Presidency Main Idea: Ronald Reagan’s background as an entertainer gave him an easy communication style that helped him win the presidential election of 1980.

NOTE TAKING

Reading Skill: Summarize

QUICK STUDY

Two Viewpoints: Liberal and Conservative

Ronald Reagan • Movie actor • Democrat, who switched to the Republican Party • Governor of California • Defeats Jimmy Carter in 1980 • New Right: coalition of conservative groups

TRANSPARENCY

Winning the South

MAP

Presidential Election of 1980

PM TRANSPARENCY

Progress Monitoring Transparency

The Reagan Revolution Section 2

• What were the major characteristics of the conservative Reagan Revolution? • Vocabulary: -supply-side economics -Savings and Loan crisis -budget deficit -national debt

voucher AIDS deregulation

The Reagan Revolution Reaganomics Guides the Economy

Main Idea: Reagan implemented many economic policies based on supply-side economics or “Reaganomics,” the idea that if taxes are reduced the economy will grow. Conservative Strength Grows Main Idea: Reagan easily won reelection, and used his power to appoint several conservative Supreme Court judges and get George H.W. Bush elected as his successor. Witness Confronting Challenging Issues Main Idea: The rising cost of Social Security, the education system, and a new disease, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), were some of the many new problems that arose in the United States in 1980s.

Reagan’s Policies • Supply-side economics: focused on the supply of goods; cutting taxes would put more money into the hands of businesses and investors; businesses would then hire more people and produce more goods and services, making the economy grow • Reagan reduced taxes and tried to reduce spending • New Federalism: plan to give states more control over the use of federal aid • Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) or “Star Wars”: massive satellite shield to intercept Soviet missiles

Second Term • Appoints Sandra Day O’Connor: the first female justice on the Supreme Court • AIDS: acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome • Savings and Loan scandal • Iran-contra affair: Marxist Sandinistas in control in Nicaragua; Contras supported by U.S. government; • Congress cut of military aid; officials took profits from secret arms sales to Iran and sent money to contras

NOTE TAKING

Reading Skill: Identify Main Ideas

CHART

Comparing Supply-Side and Keynesian Economics

TRANSPARENCY

Political Cartoons: Reagan’s Foreign Policy

INFOGRAPHIC

A Snapshot of the Reagan Years

Reagan’s Legacy • Reagan had good relationship with Mikhail Gorbachev, the leader of the Soviet Union • Glasnost: “political openness” • Perestroika: “restructuring” • INF Treaty: destruction of 2,500 Soviet and American missiles in Europe • Reagan told Gorbachev to “tear down that wall”

George H. W. Bush • Wins the Election in 1988 • World War II hero • “Iron Curtain” comes down and the Soviet Union dissolves • Poland holds a free election and chooses Lech Walesa • Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty ( START I) reductions in nuclear weapons • Persian Gulf War, 1991; kicks Hussein out of Kuwait

George Bush

PM TRANSPARENCY

Progress Monitoring Transparency

The End of the Cold War Section 3

• What were Reagan’s foreign policies, and how did they contribute to the fall of communism in Europe? • Vocabulary: -SDI -Contras -Mikhail Gorbachev

glasnost perestroika Iran-Contra affair

The End of the Cold War Reagan Challenges Communism Main Idea: Reagan increased federal defense spending and provided support to anticommunist rebels in foreign counties. Gorbachev, the new leader of the Soviet Union, realized he could not match the buildup and pursued reform, leading to peace talks between the two nations. The Cold War Ends Main Idea: East Germany’s communist government fell in 1989, followed by communists losing power in many other Eastern European countries and the Soviet Union splitting into numerous independent nations in 1991. Trouble Persists in the Middle East Main Idea: The Middle East continued to be a source of conflict, including the Iran-Contra affair, a scandal that tarnished Reagan’s reputation.

NOTE TAKING

Reading Skill: Sequence

Berlin Wall

CHART

Federal Defense Spending, 1978-1990

ANALYZE

Political Cartoons: A Bumpy Ride?

TRANSPARENCY

The End of Communism

NOTE TAKING

Reading Skill: Identify Main Ideas

PM TRANSPARENCY

Progress Monitoring Transparency

Foreign Policy After the Cold War Section 4

• What actions did the United States take abroad during George H.W. Bush’s presidency? • Vocabulary: -Manuel Noriega divest -Tiananmen Square Saddam Hussein -apartheid Nelson Mandela -Operation Desert Storm

Foreign Policy After the Cold War

A New Role in the World Main Idea: Bush dealt with drug traffickers in Latin America, China’s harsh treatment of protestors, free elections starting in South Africa, and human rights issues in Somalia. The Persian Gulf War Main Idea: When Iraq’s dictator, Saddam Hussein, invaded Kuwait and attempted to gain control of their oil deposits, American troops were sent.

NOTE TAKING

Reading Skill: Summarize

Foreign Policy • Latin America and the war on drugs • Tiananmen Square in China 1989 • Nelson Mandela released from jail; elected leader in 1994 in South Africa • Somalia • Persian Gulf War – Saddam Hussein

TRANSPARENCY

Tiananmen Square Protests

Desert Storm • Colin Powell – American Joint Chiefs of Staff leader • Norman Schwarzkopf commander • 1991 coalition troops stormed into Kuwait and Iraq • Hussein forced to leave Kuwait

PM TRANSPARENCY

Progress Monitoring Transparency

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