Why Women Don`t Run for Office

January 19, 2018 | Author: Anonymous | Category: Social Science, Political Science, American Politics
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Presentation by Dr. Kevin Lasher

Gender and Political Participation

Gender and Turnout • Female turnout lagged behind male turnout for decades after 1920 • Concept of politics as a “man’s world” did not end immediately • Husbands did not want their wives voting • 10-20% gap in turnout through 1950s

Gender and Turnout: Why Change? • 1920 was distant past • Women’s movement, feminism, working women, evolution or women’s role in American • Women and higher education (56% of college students)

Other Forms of Political Participation

Voted in election * Gender Crosstabulation

Voted in election

Total

Voted

Count

Did not vote

Count Count

Gender Male Female 393 421 74.6% 78.0% 134 119 25.4% 22.0% 527 540 100.0% 100.0%

Total 814 76.3% 253 23.7% 1067 100.0%

Campaign contributions * Gender Crosstabulation

Campaign contributions

Total

Yes

Count

No

Count Count

Gender Male Female 80 86 15.2% 16.0% 447 453 84.8% 84.0% 527 539 100.0% 100.0%

Total 166 15.6% 900 84.4% 1066 100.0%

Frequency of political discussion * Gender Crosstabulation

Frequency of political discussion

Total

A Lot

Count

Not Much

Count Count

Gender Male Female 235 239 44.8% 44.6% 289 297 55.2% 55.4% 524 536 100.0% 100.0%

Total 474 44.7% 586 55.3% 1060 100.0%

Campaign interest * Gender Crosstabulation

Campaign interest

Total

Very interested

Count

Somewhat interested

Count

Not much interested

Count Count

Gender Male Female 284 257 53.9% 47.7% 192 232 36.4% 43.0% 51 50 9.7% 9.3% 527 539 100.0% 100.0%

Total 541 50.8% 424 39.8% 101 9.5% 1066 100.0%

Frequency of following politics * Gender Crosstabulation

Frequency of following politics

Total

Most of the time

Count

Some of the time

Count

Very little

Count Count

Gender Male Female 159 114 30.2% 21.2% 209 228 39.7% 42.5% 158 195 30.0% 36.3% 526 537 100.0% 100.0%

Total 273 25.7% 437 41.1% 353 33.2% 1063 100.0%

Attempts to influence others * Gender Crosstabulation

Attempts to influence others

Total

Frequently

Count

Occasionally

Count

Never

Count Count

Gender Male Female 89 63 17.0% 11.7% 156 162 29.8% 30.0% 279 315 53.2% 58.3% 524 540 100.0% 100.0%

Total 152 14.3% 318 29.9% 594 55.8% 1064 100.0%

Attention paid to campaign news * Gender Crosstabulation

Attention paid to campaign news

Total

A Lot

Count

Not Much

Count Count

Gender Male Female 350 323 66.5% 59.9% 176 216 33.5% 40.1% 526 539 100.0% 100.0%

Total 673 63.2% 392 36.8% 1065 100.0%

Viewed campaign information on W eb * Gender Crosstabulation

Viewed campaign information on Web

Total

Yes

Count

No

Count Count

Gender Male Female 252 227 47.9% 42.0% 274 313 52.1% 58.0% 526 540 100.0% 100.0%

Total 479 44.9% 587 55.1% 1066 100.0%

Listen radio**Gender GenderCrosstabulation Crosstabulation Votedtointalk election

Listenin to talkVotedYes Voted radio election Novote Did not

Count Count

Total Total

Count Count

Count Count

Gender Gender Male Female Male Female 261 201 393 421 49.5% 37.3% 74.6% 78.0% 266 338 134 119 50.5% 62.7% 25.4% 22.0% 527 539 527 540 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Total Total 462 814 43.3% 76.3% 604 253 56.7% 23.7% 1066 1067 100.0% 100.0%

Conclusion • Women have caught up to and surpassed men in turnout • Men have very slight advantage in certain “other” forms of participation • Unlikely to change (except move toward total “participation equality”)

Congress

State Government

Local Government

What about Running for Office?

Female Candidates • Win just as frequently as male candidates • Raise as much money as male candidates • Generally accepted by American electorate

• “When women run, women win” (they have the same advantages/disadvantages as male candidates) --- Kathleen Dolan Voting for Women, 2008

Female Candidates • Women are less likely than men to consider running for office • Women are less likely than men to run for elective office • Women are less likely than men to be interested in running for office • --- Jennifer Lawless and Richard Fox, It

Takes a Candidate: Why Women Don’t Run for Office, 2005

Female Candidates: Why Fewer? • Women are less likely to be socialized to think about politics as a vocation • Women bear greater responsibility for family and children • Women are less likely to be encouraged to think about running for office by colleagues, friends, etc.

Female Candidates: Why Fewer? • Both women and men perceive electoral bias against women • Women are less likely to be recruited to run by parties and interest groups • Women possess several psychological attitudes that lead them away from running for office (less “political ambition”) • --- Jennifer Lawless and Richard Fox, It

Takes a Candidate: Why Women Don’t Run for Office, 2005

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