Chapter 9 Section 1 Notes

CH. 9 AN EMERGING WORLD POWER

9.1 THE ROOTS OF IMPERIALISM  Objectives:

Identify the key factors that prodded America to expand  Explain how the U.S. took its first steps toward increased global power  Summarize the chain of events leading up to the annexation of Hawaii 

Imperialism: policy by which strong nations extend their political, military, and economic control over weaker territories

THE IMPERIAL MENU A PLEASED UNCLE SAM GETS READY TO PLACE HIS ORDER WITH HEADWAITER WILLIAM MCKINLEY. SWALLOWING SOME OF THESE POSSESSIONS EVENTUALLY PRODUCED POLITICAL INDIGESTION.

CAUSES OF IMPERIALISM Economic benefit  Raw materials and natural resources  Extractive economies  Trade  Military strength  Alfred T. Mahan  Naval power  National Superiority  Social Darwinism, “Manifest Destiny”  Fredrick Jackson Turner  Overseas expansion as a “safety valve” 

U.S. 1ST STEPS TO BECOMING WORLD POWER Pacific  Commodore Matthew Perry, treaty opened trade with Japan  Possession of the Midway Islands  Increased trade with Hawaii and naval base at Pearl Harbor  Alaska  1867 Sec. of State bought Alaska from Russia  Latin America  Pan-American highway 

HAWAII  Economically

linked since 1790’s  Missionaries established schools and churches  American’s amended their constitution, only wealthy land owners could vote

AMERICAN PLANTERS INCREASE POWER  New

law in 1890’s placed tariff on sugar  Queen Liliuokalani  Abolished the constitution that gave power to the white minority  1893-U.S. overthrew the queen, new govt set up by Sanford B. Dole (wealthy planter)

QUEEN LILIUOKALANI (1838–1917) LILIUOKALANI WAS HAWAII, WHOSE DEFENSE OF NATIVE HAWAIIAN SELF-RULE LED TO A REVOLT BY WHITE SETTLERS AND TO HER DETHRONEMENT. SHE WROTE MANY SONGS, THE MOST FAMOUS OF WHICH WAS “ALOHA OE,” OR “FAREWELL TO THEE,” PLAYED COUNTLESS TIMES BY HAWAIIAN BANDS FOR DEPARTING TOURISTS. THE LAST REIGNING QUEEN OF

U.S. ANNEXES HAWAII  Pres.

Harrison signed treaty but was out of office before Senate approval  Pres. Cleveland investigated and Hawaiian people didn’t want this. Pres said no to annex  American’s wanted it, 1897-Pres. McKinley annexed Hawaii