Chapter Twelve: Antebellum Culture and Reform

Alan Brinkley, AMERICAN HISTORY 13/e Chapter Twelve: Antebellum Culture and Reform

Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

Introduction  Romanticism  Order and Control

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

The Romantic Impulse  National Cultural Aspirations

– Nationalism and Romanticism in American Painting  Hudson River School

– Literature and the Quest for Liberation  Cooper and the American Wilderness  Herman Melville

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform

Title Page for Whitman’s Leaves of Grass 4

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

The Romantic Impulse – Literature in the Antebellum South  Southern Romanticism

– The Transcendentalists  Ralph Waldo Emerson  Thoreau and Civil Disobedience Henry David Thoreau (Library of Congress) 5

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

The Romantic Impulse – The Defense of Nature – Visions of Utopia  Brook Farm  New Harmony

Plan for the New Harmony Colony (Library of Congress) 6

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

The Romantic Impulse – Redefining Gender Roles  Redefined Gender Roles at the Oneida Community  The Shakers

– The Mormons  Joseph Smith  Establishment of Salt Lake City

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

Remaking Society  New Reform Movements

– Revivalism, Morality, and Order  Revivalism in the Burned-Over District  Finney’s Doctrine of Personal Regeneration

– The Temperance Crusade  American Society for the Promotion of Temperance  Cultural Divisions over Alcohol

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform

The Drunkard’s Progress (Library of Congress)

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

Remaking Society – Health Fads and Phrenology  Phrenology

– Medical Science  Discovery of Contagion

Phrenology (Library of Congress) 10

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

Remaking Society – Reforming Education  Horace Mann’s Reforms  Rapid Growth of Public Education  Achievements of Educational Reform  The Benevolent Empire Horace Mann (Portrait Gallery)

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

Remaking Society – Rehabilitation  The Asylum Movement  Prison Reform

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

Remaking Society – The Indian Reservation

The nation has a “moral duty…to protect and if possible to preserve and perpetuate the scattered remnants of the Indian race.” Andrew Jackson

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

Remaking Society – The Rise of Feminism  Reform Movements and the Rise of Feminism  Seneca Falls  Limited Progress for Women

The Declaration of Sentiments (National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior) 14

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

The Crusade Against Slavery – Early Opposition to Slavery  American Colonization Society  Failure of Colonization

– Garrison and Abolitionism  Garrison and the Liberator  American Antislavery Society

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

The Crusade Against Slavery – Black Abolitionists  Free Blacks’ Commitment to Abolition  Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass (Portrait Gallery) 16

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

The Crusade Against Slavery – Anti-Abolitionism  Violent Reprisals

Anti-Abolitionist Violence (Library of Congress) 17

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform 

The Crusade Against Slavery – Abolitionism Divided  Moderates versus Extremists  The Amistad Case  Harriet Beecher Stowe  Abolitionism’s Enduring Influence

Harriet Beecher Stowe (Portrait Gallery) 18

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform America in the World:

The Abolition of Slavery

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Chapter Twelve:

Antebellum Culture and Reform Patterns of Popular Culture:

Sentimental Novels

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