ECOMONY 1800s

ECONOMY FROM 1800-1860

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 

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Slow to come to America  Need for land, labor, capital, consumers Samuel Slater-”Father of the factory system” Eli Whitney-cotton gin & interchangeable parts Textile Industry  

Headquarters in Lowell, Massachusetts “Factory girls”   

Single farm girls Put in corporate boarding houses Held to very high morals and expectations

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 

1834-Mower-Reaper 

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Cyrus McCormick

1837-Steel Plow  John Deere 1844-Telegraph  Samuel Morse 1846-Sewing Machine  Isaac Singer

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

IMMIGRATION  

“Old Immigration” Western Europe 

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Settled  

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Irish & Germans Irish-in cities (NY & Boston), worked in factories & on railroad Germans-moved west (Wisconsin), farmed

“Political Machines”  Wooed & helped new immigrants in exchange for vote  Most famous-”Boss Tweed”, NY  Captured in political cartoons by Thomas Nast

IMMIGRATION

IMMIGRATION 

“Nativism” 

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Fear & dislike of immigrants

1849-American “Know Nothing” Party  Restrictions on immigration  Deportation of poor

IMMIGRATION

TRANSPORTATION 

Roads   

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1790s-first paved roads Invention of “turnpike” 1852-First national road from Maryland to Illinois

Waterways    

1807-Steamboat invented-Robert Fulton 1825-Erie Canal 1840s-Clipper ships-international trading Mostly helped the west and south to trade goods and bring in manufactured goods

TRANSPORTATION

TRANSPORTATION 

Railroads  Most significant contribution to economy  Better than water ways  Fast & reliable  Cheaper to construct  Did not freeze in winter  1828-first railroad  By 1860-30,000 miles of track  75 % in the North  1833-passenger travel becomes popular  1859-Pullman’s “sleeping palace”

TRANSPORTATION

TRANSPORTATION 

1858-Stagecoaches available for western travel-Missouri to California

COMMUNICATION   

1860-Pony Express-mail delivery, Missouri to California in 10 days 1861-Telegraph wires spread west 1866-Telegraph wire crossed Atlantic Ocean to permanently link America & Europe