Jesuits

BELL RINGER 

Please be prepared for your reading quiz.

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http://www.pbs.org/empires/medici/renaissan ce/counter.html

AGENDA/OBJECTIVES Reading Quiz  Let’s see what you know!  Causes of the Reformation  Growing problems within the Catholic Church  Who is Martin Luther?  Followers of Martin Luther.  Violence: Catholics vs. Protestants – what is to come?  The Catholics strike back! 

SEE WHAT YOU KNOW! 1. What is an indulgence?  2. where did Martin Luther nail his 95 theses?  3. What happened to Luther in the Catholic Church?  4. Why did King Henry VIII break off from the Catholic Church?  5. Who did Elizabeth I defeat in 1588? Why was this important? 

CAUSES OF THE REFORMATION 

The renaissance secular ideas challenged the authority of the church.

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The printing press helped spread these secular ideas.

CAUSES OF THE REFORMATION 

Merchants grew tired of paying church taxes to Rome.

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Leaders resented the pope (felt they were being controlled)

GROWING PROBLEMS 

Popes spent money like A-rod and started beef worse than 50 cent.

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Priest and monks became increasingly less educated.

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Married, Gambled, and drink to excess– When in Vegas?

EARLY CALLS TO REFORM Christian Humanist criticized the church.  i.e. Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas More 

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1490s – Girolamo Savonarola preached in Florence until executed for “heresy”.

MARTIN LUTHER Monk  Taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg  In 1517, became public about the sale of indulgences.  October 31, 1517 nailed the 95 theses to the door of the castle church in Wittenberg. 

MARTIN LUTHER Eventually wanted a full reform of the church.  3 teachings:  1. Win salvation only through faith in God.  2. Church teachings should only be based on the bible.  3. All people with faith were equal. 

RESPONSE TO LUTHER 

His ideas spread rapidly

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Pope Leo X threatened to excommunicate Luther if he did not take back his statements.

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Luther refused and he was excommunicated.

RESPONSE TO LUTHER Emperor Charles V put Luther on trial and declared him an outlaw and heretic.  Stated no one was to give him shelter or feed him.  People disobeyed this decree where Luther stayed.  In 1522, Luther returned to Wittenberg and found most people were using his ideas.  They were called Lutherans. 

IDEAS Priest dressed in ordinary clothes.  They were free to marry.  Led services in German rather than Latin. 

IMPACT OF WRITING IN THE VERNACULAR Luther rewrote the bible into German (his vernacular)  The push of rewriting the bible into the vernacular led to literacy rates rising as a consequence. 

WRITING ACTIVITY Imagine you are Martin Luther and you are getting ready to walk up to the church door and nail the 95 theses.  Create a quick rap or poem that depicts what must have been going through his mind.  Remember – He knew he was risking his life and faith. 

THE REFORMATION CONTINUES… In 1536, John Calvin published a book called Institutes of the Christian Religion.  It created a system of Protestant theology. 

JOHN CALVIN 

Taught men and women were sinful by nature.

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Preached the idea of Predestination

PREDESTINATION 

God has known since the beginning of time who will be saved.

CALVINISM 

Religion based on John Calvin’s teachings.

JOHN CALVIN Preached the idea of Theocracy.  A government controlled by religious leaders. 

GENEVA, SWITZERLAND 1541 – Protestants asked Calvin to run their city.  Strict rules:  -Church attendance mandatory  -No bright colored clothes  -No playing card games 

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Punishment = imprisonment, excommunication, banishment

JOHN KNOX 

1559- visited Geneva and learned the ideas of Calvin.

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Returned home to Scotland and put Calvin’s ideas to work and started the Presbyterians.

FRANCE 

Followers of John Calvin were called Huguenots.

AUGUST 24, 1572 The Catholic feast of St. Bartholomew’s Day. At dawn Catholic mobs began hunting for Protestants and killing them.  Lasted 6 months.  Up to 12,000 Huguenots were killed. 

OTHER REFORMERS Protestants taught the bible is the source of all truth about religion.  Christians interpreted the bible for themselvesgroups formed based on these interpretations. 

THE ANABAPTISTS Group that only baptized people who were old enough to decide to be Christian.  Both persecuted by the Protestants and Catholics.  Survivors became Amish. 

CATHOLIC REFORMATION Also known as the Counter Reformation.  Ignatius Loyola wrote Spiritual Exercises.  Book laid out day to day meditations, prayer, and study. 

IGNATIUS LOYOLA 1540 – The pope made Ignatius followers into a religious order called the Society of Jesus.  Also called Jesuits. 

HOMEWORK Give a 3 paragraph summary of what happened in England during the reformation involving King Henry VIII.  Research these questions  1. who were the two most notable popes in the counter reformation and what did they do?  2. What was the Council of Trent?  3. What is the legacy of the Reformation? 

JESUITS 3 activities:  1. Create superb schools  2. Convert non-Christians to Catholics  3. Stop Protestantism from spreading 

THE ENGLISH REFORMATION 

http://www.cbc.ca/player/Shows/Shows/The+ Tudors/Web+Exclusives/ID/1237287107/

ON A SHEET OF PAPER Answer these questions:  1. Who was Martin Luther?  2. Why did Henry VIII break off from the Catholic Church?  3. Define the term Vernacular?  4. What book did Niccolo Machiavelli write?  5. Name one painting that came from Leonardo da Vinci. 