Joengak : Sujaechun - Asian Studies at Kennesaw State University

JOENGAK

Traditional Music Genre Folk Music

Gayaguem Music & Its Structure

正樂 (正: right 樂:music= righteous music)

Joengak

Central to court ritual and ceremonial music and aristocratic music in Joseon Dynasty (1392 ~ 1910)

Self-cultivation Slow tempo / emotionally restrained

“ Generally speaking, a slow melody is leisurely, like a flock of clouds floating in the sky.” Peaceful

Joengak : Sujaechun Su壽: life jae齊 :same chun天: heaven Everlasting Life

In Royal Procession Ceremonies and Court Music Performances

Meditation?

Joengak : Sujaechun

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-MMulcRsTeE

Folk Music : Sanjo Nongak : traditional farmers' music

Greater Range of Tempo & More Expressive Melodies in Emotions Intensive vibrato ( Nonghyun ) & sigimsae Compare to Jeongak http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-OuZS6uBO0

Gayaguem Sanjo performance :

Meaning Scattered Melodies Various Rhythm Cycle

Folk Music : Pansori

Epic-Length Stories

Musical Drama Buk :

“Sori” = Song

“Aniri” = Narration

“Ballim” = Mimetic gestures

http://tvpot.daum.net/clip/ClipView.do?clipid=21258103

“Gosu (鼓手) ” = Drummer

“Chuimsae” : ‘eolssu’, ‘eu-iee’, ‘eolssigu’…

Folk Music : Pansori

Freedom to Improvise Vocalist Governed by a Modal System Drummer with a Fixed Cyclic Pattern Sanjo vs. Pansori Length of Pansori

Gayaguem : Its Origin Zither from Gaya “Samguksagi” (Historical record of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, A.D. 1145) The King Gasil of Gaya Kingdom (A.D. 42 – 532) Ureuk & The King Jinheung of Silla

Gayaguem : Structure with its Symbolic Value Twelve strings = Twelve months Round surface of the front board = Heaven Flat bottom = Earth Sun & Moon = Yin & Yang(balance of universal forces) Jwadan, 喜 = Joy and Happiness / The Sun & The moon

Gayaguem : Structure with its Symbolic Value Twelve bridges, anjok (안족/雁足/wild geese feet)

Phoenix= good luck :

Gayaguem : Types and Musical Characteristics

Twelve to twenty-five strings Jeongak

Ancient gayageum: Beopgeum (law-zither), Pungnyu (elegance), or Jeongak (right music) Gayageum Jeongak Gayageum:   

Assoicated with accompaniment for court/chamber music and lyric songs Wider spacing between strings Slow music : Yeongsan-hoesang

Music of Jeongak Gayaguem : Yeongsan-hoesang & others 靈山會上佛菩薩 : Buddha’s sermon Nine Pieces : Slowest in the 1st movement to fastest in the 9th movement “Sangryungsan”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-OuZS6uBO0

Ensemble accompaniment for lyric song

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JEMLpxirxM8

Music of Sanjo Gayaguem

19th century with the emergence of Sanjo music (fast tempos and improvisational) Closer string spacing & Shorter length

Traditionally Silk string & Occasionally Synthetic string since the late 20th century Music for sanjo gayageum: Sanjo Folk Song : “Arirang”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gkM_LXUCMeAc

“Sinawhi” : Ensemble form of Sanjo / Jazz http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsF9y33eZbw

Music of Sanjo Gayaguem : Contemporary Music (Chimhyangmoo) Composed by Byunggi Hwang 沈 香 a valuable Indian incense 舞 a tree Spreading through a Tree Imagination of Western Culture through the Silk Road to Silla

Modified Gayaguem Silk String vs. Polyester String Soft & Delicate Tone Color vs. Louder & More Brilliant Sound Modern music

Various number of strings :  18 Strings : tuned to a Pentatonic Scale & Made of Polyester Synthetic String http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_zhaQTrds7Q

 25 Strings : tuned heptatonically http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YhT5vtV1kI4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_9MFxxobUcY