Nonvascular Plants

IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT •

The Tuesday and Wednesday lab sections will have a lab quiz next week

•

The Thursday lab section (this section) will not have a lab quiz next week.

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People from the Tuesday and Wednesday lab sections are being required to take the lab quiz with the lab section they are registered for. If they attend lab on Thursday to avoid the lab quiz, they will receive a zero on the lab quiz.

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There is an announcement to this effect on the main course web page ( @ bioweb.html).

Nonvascular Plants Bio 131 General Botany Lab

Phylum Hepatophyta thallose liverwort gametophyte air pores (cause pebbly appearance)

note dichotomous branching

rhizoids are underneath

Phylum Hepatophyta Marchantia, a thallose liverwort

photo by Ross Clark

Phylum Hepatophyta Thallose Liverworts Marchantia gametophytes

Archegoniophores

Antheridiophores

Phylum Hepatophyta Thallose Liverworts Marchantia gametophyte storage tissue (nonphotosynthetic)

cross sections

photosynthetic tissue

photo by Ross Clark photo by Ross Clark

scales

air pore

rhizoids (note pegs) storage tissue (nonphotosynthetic)

Phylum Hepatophyta Thallose Liverworts Marchantia gemma cups (found on top of gametophyte)

gemma cups

gemmae

gemmae

photo by Ross Clark

Phylum Hepatophyta Thallose Liverworts Marchantia antheridiophores antheridial disk or splash platform antheridia with sperm within

photosynthetic tissue

Phylum Hepatophyta Thallose Liverworts Marchantia

archegoniophores

archegonial rays (archegonia hang underneath)

venter

egg rhizoids

archegonia

neck neck canal

Phylum Hepatophyta Thallose Liverworts

Marchantia Sporophyte

foot seta or stalk calyptra meiospores (n) and elaters (2n) sporangium wall

photo by Ross Clark

Phylum Hepatophyta Leafy Liverworts

One of the obvious differences between leafy liverworts and mosses is that the leaves of leafy liverworts have dorsal and ventral lobes. The smaller ventral lobes are underneath the dorsal lobes, when you view the liverwort from above.

Frullania gametophytes

dorsal lobe ventral lobe

photo by Ross Clark

Moss protonemata (Phylum Bryophyta)

photo by Ross Clark

Note the leafy moss gametophytes growing from the alga-like protonemata.

Phylum Bryophyta Mosses protonema

This is from a prepared slide. Protonemata are normally bright green.

Phylum Bryophyta Mosses Gametophytes and Sporophytes calyptra (covering the capsule)

(= sporangium; 2n)

(= stalk; 2n)

Note: Mosses do not have microphylls, because there is no vascular tissue.

Phylum Bryophyta Hairycap moss (Polytrichum)

Note: gametophytes (n) stalks (setae) – 2n sporangia (capsules) – 2n

photo by Ross Clark

Phylum Bryophyta Mosses antheridia

Mnium (= a moss genus) antheridia This is the top of a male gametophyte. paraphyses = sterile structures which help to preserve the film of water

leaves

All of these structures are haploid.

antheridial head

Phylum Bryophyta Mosses Mnium archegonia

neck and neck canal

venter with egg within

paraphyses

All of these structures are haploid.

operculum

Phylum Bryophyta Mosses Polytrichum capsule (= sporangium)

a very well-worn capsule! (probably more than a year old)

peristome

operculum (= cap)

columella greenish-yellow material consists of the spores

spores

Not a moss?!? Hey! . . . It’s Spanish Moss, a flowering plant (a bromeliad)

These are true leaves! (megaphylls)

Spanish “moss” isn’t a moss, because it has flowers, fruits and seeds. That stuff that gets caught on your fishhooks isn’t moss, either.