Philippine Constitution PPTSS

The Philippine Constitution By Group 1

What is a Constitution?

Part of a country's sovereignty  Is the fundamental and supreme law of the land  Basis of all the other laws in the land  Serves as a guide to the government in making decisions 

What are the different constitutions the Philippines had?

1897 Constitution - Philippines’ first constitution

- also called the Biak-na-Bato Constitution - written by Isabelo Artacho and Felix Ferrer

- lasted only until General Aguinaldo and Governor General Primo de Rivera signed the Pact of Biak-na-Bato - created in accordance with the establishment of the Biak-na-Bato republic - almost the same as the Cuban Constitution of Jimaguayu

Malolos Constitution - written by Felipe Calderon

- ratification and proclamation held at Barasoain Church in Malolos - created in accordance with the establishment of the First Philippine Republic, 1899. - lasted until the Philippine-American War

1935 Constitution - written by Claro M. Recto - created in accordance with the establishment of the Commonwealth Republic - Tydings-Mcduffie Law of 1934 caused the drafting of the 1935 constitution - effectivity was halted during the Japanese occupation but continued in 1946 until 1972

- constitution had to be approved by Pres. Franklin Roosevelt - ratification of constitution included women for the first time

1943 Constitution - drafted by the PCPI

- created in accordance with the establishment of the Second Philippine Republic or Puppet Republic - Main purposes are : 1.

To make Filipinos believe that they would be given independence

2.

To allow the Japanese to have more influence over Philippine territory and resources

-

lasted until the end of Japanese occupation, 1945

1973 Constitution - Main purposes before Martial Law: 1.

To reflect genuine Philippine independence and sovereignty

- Main purposes after Martial Law: 1. 2.

To change the present government to parliamentary form To give Marcos more power and postpone the incoming 1973 elections

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ratification was done through citizen’s assembly created in accordance with the declaration of Martial Law and the New Society lasted until the People Power Revolution in 1986

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Freedom Constitution -

promulgated on March 25 1896

-

created in accordance with the establishment of the Revolutionary Government of 1896

-

only parts about human rights were retained from the previous constitution

-

served as a temporary/transitional constitution

1987 Constitution -

-

ratified February 2, 1987 formulated by Constitutional Commission led by Cecilia Munoz Palma pushed for the restoration of the presidential government and protection of human rights Changes from previous constitutions:

1.

Longer term but without reelection for president

2.

Abolition of capital punishment

3.

Party-list representation and creation of Sandigang Bayan

4.

Creation of Human Rights Commission

5.

Controlled power of president in declaring martial law

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What are the different kinds of laws made by the government?

National Laws -

implemented throughout the country

-

drafted by the congress

-

also called as Republic Acts

Examples of National Laws: 1.

Tax Laws

2.

Local Government Code

National Laws -

other laws implemented throughout the country are the ff.:

1. International Laws

2. Laws coming from the President 3. Laws administered by the Supreme Court

Ordinances -

passed by local government bodies in provinces, towns, cities, etc.

-

implemented in LGU’s because they are important to the communities

Examples of Ordinances: 1.

Change in street name

2.

Color coding (esp. Metro Manila)

Barangay Orders -

passed by Sangguniang Barangay

-

implemented in barangays

-

usually related to cleanliness, peace, and order

Examples of Barangay Orders: 1.

Prohibiting noisy vehicles

2.

Designation of places where trash is thrown

Sources: Tuico, A. and Santos, E. (2005). Awakening 6: The Philippines Through the Years. First Edition. JFC Publishing Inc. Tuico, A. and Santos, E. (2005). Awakening 5: The Philippines Through the Years. First Edition. JFC Publishing Inc. Oliveros, R., Galvez M., Estrelia, Y. and Andaquig, J. (2007). Philippine History and Government . Quezon City. Ibon Books, Inc.