PPT - Ramos` World History Class

I. Greek Roots of Democracy Unit 2 10.1.1 Ms. Ramos

Rise of Greek CityStates

http://mbscientific.com/mediawiki/mediawiki-1.11.1/images/Greece500BC.gif

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Governing City-states

http://www.theodora.com/wfb/photos/greece/acropolis_athens_greece_ert.jpg

http://www1.curriculum.edu.au/ddunits/units/ls1fq2acts.htm

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•Polis –Acropolistemples to gods –Walled city

http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photogra phy/Images/POD/a/acropolis-athens-greece-711916-sw.jpg

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•750-500 B.C. –Power shift: monarchy to noble landowners

http://greece.mrdonn.org/argos.html

http://www.europabarbarorum.com/i/units/koinon-hellenon/kh_hippeis_xystophoroi.gif

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Changes in Warfare •Increase middle class power –Iron weapons

http://www.amren.com/ar/2007/07/11a--GreekSoldiers.jpg

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Phalanx

• Formation • Requires practice--- sense of unity • Reduce class differences • Sparta (discipline) v. Athens (individual & political rights)

http://images.absoluteastronomy.com/images/encyclopediaimages/g/gr/greek_phalanx.jpg

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http://ccsdweb.com/jjaconet/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/this-is-sparta-map.JPG

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http://www.utexas.edu/courses/introtogreece/lect10/emapSparta9907210001.jpg

Sparta: Nation of Soldiers

• Military state • 2 Kings & Council of Elders • Assembly approve major decisions • Citizen= male, native, over 30

http://cd7.e2bn.net/e2bn/leas/c99/schools/cd7/website/images/greek-spartan-warriors-1.jpg

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http://z.about.com/d/atheism/1/0/w/L/AthensMap-l.jpg

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Athens: A Limited Democracy

• Democracy • Monarch—aristocracy--democracy –Discontent w/ aristocracy spreads----move to democracy

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Solon, 594 B.C. • Outlaw slavery • Open offices to citizens • Gave assembly more say • Discontent led to tyranny

http://z.about.com/d/ancienthistory/1/0/2/S/2/Solon_th.jpg

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Pisistratus, 546 B.C. • Took pwr • Gave farmers & poor more pwr • Weakened aristocracy

http://www.mainlesson.com/books/tappan/greek/zpage070.gif

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Cleisthenes, 507 B.C. • Greater citizen role • Council of 500: chosen by lot • Made the assembly a real legislature (lawmaking body)

http://www.eurekastreet.com.au/Uploads/Image/0706/11massola1.jpg

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http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~klio/maps/gr/constitutions/Periclean%20System.jpg

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B. The Persian Wars

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Persia: Asia Minor-India

http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00maplinks/early/darius/dariusmap490.jpg

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Persia threatens Greece

http://www.worldhistory.timemaps.com/images/500BC/PersianEmpire.jpg

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490 B.C. Persians land @ Marathon

http://members.ozemail.com.au/~ancientpersia/images/perwars.gif

• Persia forced to retreat

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490 B.C. Persians land @ Marathon

Persia forced to retreat http://www.cais-soas.com/CAIS/Images2/Maps/Greek_domain_during_the_Perian_Wars.png

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500 B.C.

http://www.tqnyc.org/2005/NYC051950//miritgreece_wars_files/persian%20war.jpg

• Larger Persian army lands • Sparta & Athens join to defend & defeat Persia Ms. Ramos

501 B.C.

• Greeks defeat Persians on Asia Minor • End of Persian threat

http://media.photobucket.com/image/persian%20wars/IanTheCool/170492_2.png

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Athens in Age of Pericles 460-429 B.C.

http://img.villagephotos.com/p/2005-8/1057949/p783.jpg

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http://www.ecusd7.org/ehs/ehsstaff/jparkin/Academics/Ancient_World_History/Flowering_of_Civilizations/4-Rise_of_Ancient_Greece/4-War_Glory_&_Decline/img029.gif

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Political Life • Direct democracy • Believed all males should be involved in govt • Pays public office • Serve on juries

http://static.squidoo.com/resize/squidoo_images/250/draft_le ns1295586module1779875photo_pericles2.jpg

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Funeral Oration

http://www.life.com/image/50704068

• Athenian pwr rests “not of a minority but of the whole people” • Rights & duties of individual • Expression of democratic ideals Ms. Ramos

3. Economic & Cultural Life • Rebuilt Acropolis –Creates jobs –Reminds that gods favored Athenians

http://z.about.com/d/atheism/1/0/_/L/AthAcropRestored-l.jpg

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4. Peloponnesian War

https://clengwell.wikispaces.com/file/view/spartanbottle.jpg

• Athens v. Sparta • 27 yr fight • 404 B.C. Sparta captures Athens –End of democracy Ms. Ramos

Greek Philosophers

http://cd7.e2bn.net/e2bn/leas/c99/schools/cd7/website/images/greek-philosophers-1.jpg

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Moral & Ethical Principles • Idea of goodness • Est standards of human behavior • Athens –?? Accepted ideas –Success imp

http://www.idivamemphis.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/tanorexic2.jpg

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Socrates & Citizenship

• “What is the greatest good?” • Socratic method –?? & challenge, examine ans threatened Athenian tradition

http://www.petemandik.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/socrates.jpg

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• @ 70 put on trial –Corrupt youth –Fail to respect gods • Condemned to death

http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/his/CoreArt/art/resourcesb/dav_soc.jpg

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Plato & Reason

http://madnessofart.com/wp-content/uploads/plato.jpg

Distrust democ b/c killed Socrates

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• Reason, not the experience of the senses, leads to genuine knowledge • By rational thought, people can discover unchanging ethical principles, recognize their perfect beauty & learn how to org society

• state should regulate all aspect of lives • Ideal society divided into 3 classes: workers, soldiers, philosophers • Ideal society divided based on a process of examination Ms. Ramos

Plato, The Republic

• “At first, in the early days of his power, [the tyrant] is full of smiles . . . [but later] he is always stirring up some war or other, in order that the people may require a leader.”

Aristotle & Rule of Law • Govt by many • Suspicious of Democracy • Proconstitutional govt by middle class- “polity”

http://masteroftheuniverse.files.wordpress.com/2008/12/aristotle3.jpg

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• City-state: best & natural form • Rulers must be subject to the law • “golden mean”: moderate course btwn extremes • Reason is guiding force • Est Lyceum (study of all knowledge) Ms. Ramos

Aristotle, Politics • Regarding a tyrant: • “. . . is just that arbitrary power of an individual which is responsible to no one, and governs all . . . with a view to its own advantage, not to that of its subjects, and therefore against their will.”

Alexander & Hellenistic Age

http://dor.huji.ac.il/Images/Alexander.jpg

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Conquest of Persia

http://teacherportfolio.indstate.edu/jnorris/alexander_the_great_webquest.htm

Alexander the Great

• Alexander 20yrs w/ throne, sets to conquer Persia • 334-327 B.C. Mediterranean SeaMiddle East-Central Asia- India Ms. Ramos

http://www.forumancientcoins.com/Articles/Maps/images/Empires%20Persia%20and%20Alexander.jpg

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Legacy of Alexander

• Alexander dies, empire crumbles • Blends eastern & western cultures • Citizens rule cities, governors manage, king ultimate control Ms. Ramos

Stoicism

• Avoid desires & disappointment by accept what life brought • Preach moral standards (dignity & equality) while unequal in society, morally equal b/c pwr of reason Ms. Ramos

• Rome emerges –133 B.C. conquests in Asia Minor & replaces Greece in Mediterranean • Greek Impact: –Law, freedom, justice, govt Ms. Ramos