Respiration and Excretion Test Review

Respiration and Excretion Test Review 7th grade Science

The ________________is a tubelike passageway for both food and air.

Pharynx

People whose ____________ don’t work may have to undergo dialysis.

kidneys

Organs that holds urine until it leaves to body.

bladder

Cellular respiration requires supplying your body’s cells with ________. A. B. C. D.

Oxygen Blood Bone Marrow Enzymes

Structure to which vocal cords are attached

Larynx

Cluster of thin-walled air sacs

Alveoli

Filtering units of the kidneys.

Nephrons

Disease resulting in the alveoli losing their ability to expand and contract

emphysema

Major organs of urinary system Kidney

Tubes that lead from each kidney to the bladder ureters

Branches of the trachea bronchi

Muscle beneath lungs that helps air move in and out diaphragm

Tube with cartilage, mucous membranes, and cilia trachea

The _______ prevents food or liquid from entering your trachea. Epiglottis

When you breathe, your lungs take in oxygen and remove ______________.

Carbon Dioxide

The main excretory organs of your body are the large intestine, kidney, lungs, and ________. Skin

Your Respiratory System Functions I. _________________ A. Supplies blood with oxygen Remove Carbon Dioxide B. _______________ C. Remove water from the body Diseases and disorders II. _________________ A. Emphysema B. Chronic bronchitis C. Asthma Lung Cancer D. ________________

A disorder of the lungs called _______ is often an allergic reaction.

Asthma

When urinary organs don’t work, all of the following occur EXCEPT _________. A. B. C. D.

Swelling Homeostasis Accumulation of wastes Salt imbalance

Disorder Chronic Bronchitis

Lung Cancer

Asthma

Emphysema

Description Much mucus is produced; coughing harms cilia and bronchial tubes Major cause is smoking; leading type of cancer deaths Wheezing; bronchial tubes contract quickly: often an allergic reaction Main cause is smoking; alveoli in lungs lose their ability to expand and contract

____________ in cigarette smoke is the greatest contributor to lung cancer.

Tar

The organs of your urinary system are _________ organs. Excretory

The tube called the _________ leads from the bladder to the outside of the body.

urethra

The amount of water in blood is important in maintaining all of the following EXCEPT _________________. A.

B. C. D.

Healthy circulation Normal Blood Pressure The movement of gases The movement of mucus

Breathing is partly the result of changing in air pressure. high Gases move from an area of ________ pressure to an area of low diaphragm contracts and _________ pressure. When your __________ down moves ___________, you inhale. This causes the volume of reduced your chest cavity to increase, resulting in _________ air pressure within your chest cavity. Your lungs fill with air. Air outside the body, now under greater pressure, pushes into your air passageways and lungs. The lungs expand as the air rushes in. When you exhale, your diaphragm relaxes and returns to its dome shape. Your rib cage moves downwards. These two reduce actions __________ the size of your chest cavity. Your lungs return to their original position. Air pressure in your lungs increase _____________. The gases inside your lungs are pushed out through air passages

List the 5 functions of the respiratory system 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Cellular Respiration- supplies body cells with oxygen to release energy from glucose. Inhaling- bring oxygen into lungs Air moves through nostrils- air is cleans as dust. Air is trapped by hairs. Air enters the nasal cavity- Air is moistened and warmed Exhaling- Removes carbon dioxide from the lungs

List the three functions of the urinary system 1. 2.

3.

It rids the body of waste It helps control blood volume by removing excess water produced by cells It rids your body of excess salts

Describe why the skin and lungs are classified as excretory organs 

Skin releases perspiration containing water and small amounts of salt. The lungs remove carbon dioxide produced by cell activity in your body, as well as small amounts of water each time you exhale.

Explain how oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs 

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the alveoli and the capillaries. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli and capillary walls into the blood. Oxygen is picked up by the hemoglobin in red blood cells and is carried to all body cells. As this happens, carbon dioxide diffuses from body cells through capillary and alveoli walls and leaves upon exhaling.