Study Guide Answers

Study Guide Answers Chapter 6- American Revolution

Patriot • Colonist who supports the fight for independence.

Loyalist • Colonists who continue to support the British. • They felt taxation and representation were not enough reasons to stand up to the mother country.

Neutral • Colonists who did not choose sides. They neither supported the British nor the Patriots.

Mercenaries • Groups of soldiers hired to fight for pay.

Guerilla War • A hit-and-run war technique used primarily in the South by militia groups. • Francis Marion was a famous guerilla leader.

Privateers • Armed merchant ships

Tory • Name given to loyalists, those who supported the British.

Inflation • Printing of money with little gold and silver to back it up. • The money becomes worthless.

French nobleman who became Washington’s trusted aide • Marquis de Lafayette

Mercenaries hired by the British to fight the Continental Army • Hessians

Leader of the British forces who surrendered at Yorktown • Charles Cornwallis

Drilled Patriots are Valley Forge • Friedrich von Steuben

Guerilla Leader • Francis Marion

A plan of action • Strategy

Governor of the Spanish territory of Louisiana and American ally • Bernado de Galvez

1. Long Island • • • •

Battle of: Long Island Date : August of 1776 Place: New York Who: 20,000 British and 10,000 American Continental Army soldiers • Winner: The British drove the Americans from Brooklyn and forced them to evacuate New York.

2. Trenton • • • •

Battle: Trenton Date: 25th December 1776 Place: Trenton, New Jersey on the Delaware River Who: 2,400 Americans against 1,200 Hessians and British troops • Winner: The battle was a resounding physical and moral victory for Washington and his American troops.

3. Philadelphia (Brandywine) • • • •

Battle: Philadelphia Brandywine Creek Date: 11th September 1777 Place: Pennsylvania, west of Philadelphia Who: 6,000 British and Hessian troops against 8,000 American soldiers. • Winner: The British and Hessians were left occupying the field having driven the Americans from their position on Brandywine Creek.

4. Saratoga • • • •

Battle: SARATOGA Date: 17th October 1777 Place: Saratoga on the Hudson River in New York State. Who: 5,000 British and German troops against the 12,000 Americans. • Winner: The Americans forced the surrender of British forces.

5. Yorktown • • • •

Battle: YORKTOWN Date: October 1781 Place: Virginia, United States of America Who: About 16,000 Americans and French against 8,000 British • Winner: Surrounded by American forces, Cornwallis surrenders to George Washington.

1. America declared independence from on July , • Great Britain • 4th, 1776

2. _______________________ were German mercenaries that fought for the British. • Hessians

3. The Hessians’ main goal for winning the war was . • Money

4. During the winter of 1777, many of Washington’s soldiers _________________, or left the army at Valley Forge.

• deserted

5. _____________________________________ led the soldiers that captured the British town of Vincennes in 1779. • George Rogers Clark

6. The battle of was a turning point in the war. It showed other nations we might win the war. • Saratoga

7. And help America by supplying troops and supplies. • France • Spain

8. John Adams convinced banking houses to lend us $12 million to support the war.

• Dutch (the Netherlands)

9. The Treaty of Paris was ___________________, or approved, in 1783.

• ratified

Treaty of Paris: British terms • In the Treaty of Paris, the British promised to withdraw all troops from America. • They also allowed Americans to fish off the coast of Canada.

Treaty of Paris: American terms • In the Treaty of Paris, the Americans allowed British merchants to collect their debts owed by Americans. • They also gave Loyalists the properties back they had lost during the war.