The Elbow and Radioulnar Joints

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Kinesiology for Manual Therapies

Chapter 8 The Elbow and Radioulnar Joints McGraw-Hill

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Learning Outcomes 8-1 Define key terms. o 8-2 Locate on a human skeleton all bony landmarks of the elbow and radioulnar joints. o 8-3 Label on a skeletal chart all bony landmarks of the elbow and radioulnar joints. o

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Learning Outcomes (cont.) 8-4 Draw and identify the muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints on a skeletal chart. o 8-5 Palpate the muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints on a partner. o

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Learning Outcomes (cont.) 8-6 Explore origins and insertions of the muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints on a partner. o 8-7 Organize and list the agonists, antagonists, and synergists of the elbow and radioulnar joints. o

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Learning Outcomes (cont.) 



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8-8 Demonstrate with a fellow student all the active and passive movements of the elbow and radioulnar joints. 8-9 Practice basic stretching and strengthening appropriate for the elbow and radioulnar joints.

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Introduction

This text has grouped the elbow and radioulnar joints together because of their close relationship.  The elbow joint is formed by the ulna articulating with the humerus. 

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Introduction (cont.)

The radius pivots with the ulna to form the radioulnar joint.  The elbow joint performs flexion and extension.  The radioulnar joint performs supination and pronation. 

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Bones

The ulna is much larger proximally than the radius.  The scapula and humerus serve as the proximal attachments for the muscles that flex and extend the elbow. 

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Bones (cont.)

If a muscle is involved in the action of supination or pronation, it must insert on the radius.  The radius and the ulna are connected via the interosseous membrane. 

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Bones (cont.)

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Bones (cont.)

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Bones (cont.)

There are many important bony landmarks for muscular attachment. 

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Joints

The elbow joint is a ginglymus or hinge-type joint and only allows flexion and extension.  Ligaments bind the joint for additional stability. 

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Joints (cont.)

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Joints (cont.)

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Joints (cont.)

The radioulnar joint is a trochoid or pivot-type joint.  This joint performs supination and pronation. 

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Joints (cont.)

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Joints (cont.)

There is a synergy between the glenohumeral, elbow, and radioulnar joint muscles.  The glenohumeral and elbow muscles contract to stabilize or assist the movements of the radioulnar joint. 

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Movements

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Movements (cont.)

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Movements (cont.)

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Muscles

The elbow flexors are biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, and weakly the pronator teres.  The elbow extensors are the triceps brachii and the anconeus. 

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Muscles (cont.)

The pronator group includes the pronator quadratus, the pronator teres, and the brachioradialis.  The supinator, biceps brachii, and the brachioradialis perform supination. 

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Muscles (cont.)

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Muscles (cont.)

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Muscles (cont.)

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Muscles (cont.)

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Nerves

The muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints are innervated from the median nerves, musculocutaneous nerves, and radial nerves of the brachial plexus. 

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Nerves (cont.)

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Nerves (cont.)

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints Biceps Brachii

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Biceps Brachii

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Brachialis

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Brachialis

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Brachioradialis

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Brachioradialis

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Triceps Brachii

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Triceps Brachii

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Anconeus

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Anconeus

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Pronator Teres

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Pronator Teres

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Pronator Quadratus

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Pronator Quadratus

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Supinator

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Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Supinator

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Chapter Summary The bones, joints, movements, muscles, and nerves of the elbow joint and radioulnar are explored in this chapter. 

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Chapter Summary (cont.)

Individual muscles of the elbow joint and radioulnar joint are reviewed in depth with regard to palpation, origin, insertion, action, and innervation.  Each muscle includes information with clinical notes, muscle specifics, clinical flexibility and strengthening. 

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Chapter Review The Chapter Review is divided into true and false, short answers, and multiple choice questions.  The questions are designed for the students to test their knowledge.  Worksheets are at the end of the text as an aid for learning. 

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Explore and Practice 

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Students should utilize the questions and charts at the end of the chapter to help focus on the content of the chapter.

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